Contribution of auditory perception and phonological awareness to English acquisition in Japanese children : a study in children with normal reading ability and learning disabilities.

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We studied effects of auditory perception and phonological skills on learning English in dyslexic and non-impaired readers in Japanese. Dyslexic children showed low performance in amplitude envelope perception tasks, but all dyslexic children in middle school showed difficulties in learning English regardless of results of auditory tasks. Phonological skills in adults were correlated with reading speed of kana, but not with English proficiency. English proficiency significantly differed by learning motivation, and it suggests that studies in ESL cases are essential to extract the effect of cognitive skills.