Molecular oncological study of thyroid cancer among atomic bomb survivors

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To clarify characteristics of gene alterations in adult-onset radiation-associated papillary thyroid cancer, molecular analyses were conducted focusing on gene alterations occurring at early stage of carcinogenesis. We found that cases having chimera gene (RET/PTC rearrangements) formed by fusion of 3' region of RET gene to 5' region of other genes significantly increased with increase of exposure dose, while cases with BRAF point mutation, which is frequently detected in sporadic (non-exposed) adult-onset papillary thyroid cancer, significantly decreased with exposure dose.