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A Historical Study of the Internationalization of Japanese Retailers : Rethinking of the Cross Border Mechanism and the historical Evaluation

日本零售商国际化的历史研究:跨境机制的反思与历史评价

基本信息

批准号：
20530394
负责人：
KAWABATA Motoo
金额：
$ 2.83万
依托单位：
Ryukoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2008 至 2010
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this research is threefold : (1) to provide a broad view of the internationalization of Japanese retailers over the past 100 years, (2) to elucidate the cross-border mechanism of retailers on the basis of this information, and (3) to derive some historical implications of the findings for Japanese firms that wish to enter emerging markets.The internationalization of Japanese retailers began in 1906, when Mitsukoshi opened a small store in Keijou(Seoul Korea).Ever since, 22 department store outlets have opened across Asia. In 1958, Takashimaya opened a store in New York, marking the beginning of retail internationalization after World War II. By the end of 2010, 143 department store outlets and 429 supermarket outlets had opened overseas. However, 60% of the department stores and 74% of the supermarkets have already closed, and there are very few success cases.A review of the past 100 years gives a fair idea of the factors that influence the success or failure of retail internationalization, including the biggest one is the outlet property management (location and rent). Therefore, we need to build a new retail internationalization model that incorporates this factor.The recent years have witnessed many Japanese consumer manufactures entering emerging markets by developing large-scale specialty store chains. The findings of our research imply that Japanese manufacturers must consider the outlet property management factor in order to succeed in emerging markets.

这项研究的目的有三个方面：（1）对过去100年来日本零售业的国际化进行了全面的介绍，（2）根据这些信息，对零售业的跨国经营机制进行了阐述，（3）对希望进入新兴市场的日本企业进行历史启示。日本零售业的国际化始于1906年，当时三越在京州（韩国首尔）开了一家小店。从那时起，在亚洲各地开设了22家百货商店。1958年，高岛屋在纽约开设了一家商店，标志着二战后零售业国际化的开始。截至2010年底，143家百货商店和429家超市在海外开业。然而，60%的百货商店和74%的超市已经关门，成功的案例寥寥无几。回顾过去100年，影响零售业国际化成败的因素有很多，其中最大的因素是门店物业管理（位置和租金）。因此，我们需要构建包含这一要素的新的零售国际化模式。近年来，日本消费品制造商纷纷通过发展大型专卖店连锁店进入新兴市场。我们的研究结果意味着，日本制造商必须考虑到出口物业管理因素，以在新兴市场取得成功。