Studies on enterovirus 71 receptor

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Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major causative agent of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) together with Coxsackievirus A16. HFMD caused by EV71 is sometimes involved with severe neurological diseases. We have identified Scavenger receptor B2 (SCARB2) as a cellular receptor for enterovirus 71. SCARB2 serves as receptor for all clinical isolates of EV71 tested. In addition, clinical isolates of CVA16 and CVA14, both of which cause HFMD, are also able to infect in a SCARB2-dependent pathway. We also identified that the 64 amino acid region in the human SCARB2 is essential for binding to EV71 and establishment of infection.