Cytoskeletal rearrangement of neutrophils after one-lung ventilation

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Re-expansion following one-lung ventilation (OLV) leads to neutrophil recruitment into the lung and causes alveolar damage. The morphological and functional behaviors of neutrophils that are associated with OLV have not been thoroughly elucidated. Our study shows that lung re-expansion following OLV induces cytoskeletal rearrangements in circulating neutrophils and promotes their capillary sequestration and migration, particularly in the ventilated lung. Blockade of neutrophil elastase by sivelestat inhibits these events and improves pulmonary oxygenation.