Prehistoric dietary analysis of charred matter on pottery.

为了重建古环境和史前人类生活，我们测量了放射性碳年龄、稳定同位素和脂质组成，估算了附着和吸附在陶器碎片上的有机物的来源。在考古背景明确、样品科学鉴定的情况下，特别利用同一层出土的各类遗存，得到以下两个结果：1)谷子种植的起源及其在日本群岛的传播至今尚无可靠的放射性碳定年法分析绳纹时期谷子利用的证据。因此，我们还回顾了基于稳定同位素分析估计为C4植物的陶片烧焦遗骸的年代。将这些谷子与采用灌溉水稻种植的谷子进行比较，以讨论谷子传入日本列岛的途径和时间。因此，谷子种植的广泛传播似乎是从早期弥生时代末期到中期弥生时代初期，在九州、近畿和Toukai地区（公元前400-300 cal）。(2)海洋水库效应对饮食和古环境的重建我们可以利用考古遗迹的海洋水库年龄差异推断出古饮食和居住的细节，从而推断出古海洋环境。

For reconstructing the paleoenvironment and prehistoric human life through estimating of the origin of organic matter adhering to and adsorbing in the potsherds, we measured radiocarbon ages, stable isotopes, and lipid compositions. By especially using various kinds of remains at the same layers excavated from the site with a clear archaeological context and scientifically identified samples, we get the following two results ;1) The origin of millet cultivation and diffusion into Japanese archipelagoThere is no reliable evidence analyzed by radiocarbon dating so far for millet utilization in the Jomon period. Therefore, we also review the dates of charred remains on potsherds which are estimated as C4 plants based on stable isotopic analysis. These dates of millets are compared with that of the adoption of irrigated rice cultivation to discuss the routes and times of their diffusion into Japanese archipelago. Consequently, wide spreading of millet cultivation seems to have been from the end of the Early Yayoi to the beginning of the Middle Yayoi period at Kyusyu, Kinki and Toukai area (400-300 cal BC).2) The reconstruction of diet and paleoenvironment by apparent marine reservoir effectWe can use apparent marine reservoir age difference of the archaeological remains to infer details of paleodiets and inhabits and, hence, paleomarine environments.