Licensing condition on resultatives and PATH phrases-an alternative to the Direct Object Condition

在这项研究中，我解构了《约翰锤击金属扁平》一书中对英语动结式的制约因素，并从词汇语义的角度提出了一种新的替代理论。到目前为止，动结式应该遵循直接宾语限制(DOR)，这要求动结式占据最直接的宾语宿主。然而，由于DOR有许多反例，在这些反例中，主体也可以主持它们，因此需要一个新的理论。本文的研究思路如下：首先，我将传统的主位角色分为主位角色和主位角色，并在此基础上重新分析了结果句的分布，提出了结果句的主位许可约束。与DOR不同的是，TCLR不求助于直接宾语，而是考察动结式与其宿主之间的语义匹配，这不仅可以解释DOR所涵盖的事实，还可以解释其反例。这是因为TCLR在一定条件下允许非直接客体主持，这是我的理论的独到之处，也是对前人理论问题的突破。事实上，像这对夫妇跳华尔兹到窗口这样的主语-主持人句是不成问题的，因为主持人是主题<ol>，结果是目标，这显示了语义上的和谐状态。可能会有更多新的预测数据。对于非作格结构，如狗死于僵硬的尸检，主题可以为主人所用。因为狗带有主题&lt；cos&gt；，这与结果式和静态解释是一致的。此外，TCLR是一个概念上的自然约束，它规定可以允许静态动结式或位置动结式，这取决于主人是静态动结式还是位置动结式。总体而言，我提出了一个创新理论来解释英语动结式的分布。

In this study, I deconstructed the established constraint on English resulatatives that regulates the distribution of phrases flat as in John hammered the metal flat, and proposed a new alternative theory from the lexical-semantic viewpoint. So far resultatives are supposed to follow the Direct Object Restriction(DOR), which requires the resultatives to take the direst object host. However, since the DOR has many counter-examples where the subject can host them too, there has been a new theory needed. The present theory's approach is as follows : first I divided the traditional Theme role into Theme<COS>(=change of state) and Theme<COL>(=change of location), based on which I reanalyzed the distribution of resultatives to propose the Thematic Licensing Constraint on Resultatives(TCLR). The TCLR, unlike the DOR, does not resort to the direct object but look at the semantic matching between the resultative and its host, which can explain not only the facts covered by the DOR but also its counter-examples. This is because the TCLR allows non-direct-object hosts under certain conditions, which is the uniqueness of my theory and the breakthrough to the problems of the former theory. Indeed, subject-host sentences like The couple waltzed to the window are no problem since the host is Theme<COL> and the resultative is Goal, which displays a semantically harmonious condition. There can be further new data predicted. With unergative constructions like The dog died stiff with rigor mortis, the subject can be available for the host. Since the dog carries Theme<COS>, which is in harmony with the resultative with stative interpretation. Furthermore the TCLR is a conceptually natural constraint, which specifies that a stative or locational resultative may be allowed depending whether the host is a undergoer of stative or locational change. Overall, I have developed an innovation theory that explains the distribution of English resultatives.