Identification and characterization of novel omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived mediator with anti-inflammatory property

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In this study, we identified a novel omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived anti-inflammatory mediator 17, 18-diHEPE, termed resolvin E3(RvE3). The chemical structure of RvE3 was determined by LC-MS/MS-based lipidomics, stereoselective organic synthesis, and high-resolution NMR. Unlike previously identified RvE1 and RvE2, both of which are biosynthesized by neutrophils via 5-LOX pathway, RvE3 was biosynthesized by eosinophils via 12/15-LOX pathway. RvE3 at nanogram dosages displayed a potent anti-inflammatory action in vivo by limiting neutrophil infiltration in zymosan-induced peritonitis. These findings propose a novel metabolic cascade for the beneficial actions of omega-3 fatty acid in controlling inflammation and related diseases