Roles of interleukin-5 receptors on eosinophilic differentiation

包括支气管哮喘和特应性皮炎在内的慢性过敏性炎症难以治疗，并且患有此类疾病的患者数量正在增加，这可能反映了生活方式的环境变化。嗜酸性粒细胞是在过敏性疾病的发病机制中起关键作用的细胞之一。在支气管哮喘中，骨髓和外周血中的嗜酸性粒细胞数量增加，并在各种细胞因子和化学介质的作用下在炎症部位聚集。研究已经证明了嗜酸性粒细胞延长其存活、浸润炎症部位和释放颗粒蛋白的机制。然而，干细胞（如CD 34 ^+细胞）向成熟嗜酸性粒细胞分化的机制尚未阐明。如果要了解白色血细胞，特别是髓系细胞的产生和成熟，阐明这种机制是重要的，并可能有助于开发新的过敏性炎症药物。抑制向嗜酸性粒细胞谱系的分化可能有助于控制过敏性炎症作为一种预防措施。在这项研究中，两个新的IL-5 R受体的鉴定，并命名为变体7和变体8。

Chronic allergic inflammation including bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis is difficult to treat and the number of patients suffering from such diseases is increasing, probably reflecting environmental changes to life style. Eosinophils are one of the cells that play a critical role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. In bronchial asthma, eosinophils increase in number in bone marrow and peripheral blood, and accumulate at inflammatory sites in response to various kinds of cytokines and chemical mediators. Studies have demonstrated the mechanism by which eosinophils prolong their survival, infiltrate inflammatory sites and release granule proteins. However, the mechanism behind the differentiation of stem cells such as CD34^+ cells into mature eosinophils has not been clarified. Clarification of this mechanism is important if one is to understand the generation and maturation of white blood cells, especially myeloid lineages, and may contribute to the development of novel medications for allergic inflammation. Inhibition of the differentiation toward the eosinophil lineage might be useful for the control of allergic inflammation as a preventive measure. In this study, two novel receptors for IL-5R are identified, and named as variant 7 and variant 8.