Assessing the impacts of riverbed incision and smoothing on aquatic ecosystems in mid river segments

随着时间的推移，基索河中段的主要河床物质已经从沙子和砾石转变为泥炭露头。在一些地方，大量的河床切口出现了50 - 20米的水深，这可能是因为泥炭露头的损失（认为只有几米）导致了下面的沙质沉积物的严重侵蚀。此外，泥炭露头似乎为蜉蝣（Ephoron shigae）提供了一个合适的栖息地，蜉蝣通常被认为是一种害虫，是该地区大量成虫的主要来源。

The dominant riverbed material in the mid segment of Kiso River has changed over time from sands and gravels to peat outcrops. In places, substantial riverbed incisions having> 20m water depth occurred probably because the loss of peat outcrop(few meters think) resulted in acute erosions of sandy deposits below. Furthermore, peat outcrop appeared to provide a suitable habitat for mayfly(Ephoron shigae), which is often considered as a pest, serving as a main source of huge swarms of adults in the area.