Significance of nuclear expression of mitochondrial transcription factor mtTFA and elucidation of stress resistance

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mtTFA synthesized from TFAM (transcription factor A, mitochondrial) gene translocates to mitochondrion and regulates various gene expressions. In this study, we found that mtTFA was also present in not only mitochondrion but also nucleus, mtTFA regulated anti-apoptotic gene expressions such as BIRC5 (Survivin) and BCL2L1 (BCL-xL) at the transcriptional level, the growth of cancer cells was closely correlated with the expression of mtTFA and the nuclear expression of mtTFA was a poor prognostic factor in serous ovarian cancer. These findings suggest that mtTFA might function as anti-apoptosis through gene expressions. Molecular mtTFA targeted therapy might contribute to cancer treatment.