An immunological study of pthogenesis in autoimmune pancreatitis

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(1)In pancreas cancer and obstructive pancreatitis type 1 AIP, infiltration of memory regulatory T cells (Tregs) and IgG4-positive cells were positively correlated, which suggested that increased memory-Tregs may be an inhibitory immune response against inflammation, although decreased naïve Tregs may be pathogenic. (2) We identified two subtypes of regulatory B cells (Bregs), CD19+CD24highCD38high Bregs and CD19+CD24highCD27+ Bregs in type 1 AIP. The increased CD19+CD24highCD38high Bregs may suppress the disease activity of type 1 AIP, whereas the decreased CD19+CD24highCD27+ Bregs might be involved in the development of type 1 AIP. (3) In animal models, activation of TLR3 (polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid) can induce immune-mediated cholangitis, pancreatitis and sialadenitis similar to human autoimmune pancreatitis.