Regenerative pancreatic islet transplantation for the young onset Type I diabetes mellitus. It is xenotransplantation of the pancreatic islet cell sheet.

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The present study was conducted to develop a dispersed islet cell-based tissue engineering approach for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Dispersed islet cells obtained from rats were then plated on the laminin-5-PIPAAm dishes. At day 2 of culture, cultured islet cells were harvested as a uniformly connected tissue sheet by lowering the culture temperature from 37 degrees C to 20 degrees C for 30 min. Two harvested islet cell sheets were transplanted for engineering neo-islet tissues in the subcutaneous site of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The diabetic mice that received islet sheet transplantation did not revert from hyperglycemia. Histological examination revealed that the transplanted islet cell sheets formed clusters of islet tissues and inflammatory cell infiltration. The present study may describe a new proof-of-concept therapeutic approach to engineer functional neo-islet tissues for xenotransplantation.