Development of a novel one-stepimplantation technique for articular cartilage repair using human minced cartilage and isolated synovial cells

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[Objective] To examine the effect of co-culture or co-implantation of synovial and minced cartilage on the chondrogenic differentiation. [Methods] Human synovial cells were isolated and embedded in fibrin gel. The fibrin gel implants containing only synovial cells (SC group) or both minced articular cartilage and synovial cells (AC+SC group) were cultured or implanted subcutaneously in nude mice and then examined the histological and biochemically. [Results] Intensity of Safranin-O staining and proteoglycan content (per weight) increased in the AC+SC group compared to the SC group. Furthermore, type II collagen and Sox9 expression were enhanced in the AC+SC group. [Conclusion] Co-culture or co-implantation of synovial cells with minced cartilage enhanced chondrogenic differentiation. The use of implant grafts containing both synovial cells and minced cartilage could be a novel approach for one-step joint cartilage repair.