A History of the Self-Regulation of Recombinant DNA Research in Japan

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A historical analysis of the self-regulation of recombinant DNA research in Japan revealed that molecular biologists and applied microbiologists, together with the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, agreed in 1984 at the "Conference on Life Sciences and Mankind 'the 2nd to 7th International Conference on Bioethics'" that the risks posed by recombinant DNA were minimal. This led to the abolishment of physical/biological containment standards based on case-by-case reviews and risk assessment at production facilities. It is possible that ethical issues surrounding recombinant DNA put into full swing "Bioethics as a Public Discourse," a policy aimed at obtaining the understanding and support of Japanese people for all research that manipulates life.