Translational control of glucose-induced insulin biosynthesis

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Glucose-induced insulin synthesis is important for homeostasis of blood glucose level and regulated by transcription, translation, and secretion. In the present study, we fused several lengths of 5’-untranslated region of human insulin mRNA with protein-destabilization sequence (PEST sequence). We then introduced the fused genes into glucose-sensitive human insulin producing cells (1.1B4 cells) and determined mRNA sequence essential for glucose-induced pro-insulin synthesis by translation. The sequence “GUCCUUCUG” in the 5’-untranslated region of human insulin mRNA was indicated as a sequence essential for translational control of glucose-induced pro-insulin synthesis. The human (Homo sapiens sapiens) sequence was highly conserved in chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), rat (Rattus norvegicus), mouse (Mus musculus), guinea pig (Cavia Porcellus), pig (Sus scrofa domesticus), bovine(Bos taurus), chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), leopard frog (Rena pipiens), and zebrafish (Danio rerio) insulin mRNAs; The sequence “NYNSYYNR “ was suggested as consensus sequence for glucose-induced translational control of insulin biosynthesis.