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Systematics and Evolution of Subsaharan Pholcus spiders and potential close relatives

撒哈拉以南 Pholcus 蜘蛛及其潜在近亲的系统学和进化

基本信息

批准号：
56215429
负责人：
Dr. Bernhard A. Huber
金额：
--
依托单位：
Sektion Arachnida
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2007-12-31 至 2011-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/56215429?language=en
关键词：
Systematics Evolution Subsaharan Pholcus spiders

项目摘要

With currently 124 described species, Pholcus is the largest genus in the spider family Pholcidae, with the type species Pholcus phalangioides one of the commonest house spiders in Europe and a valued model species. However, the group as such has been neglected for many decades. In fact, no revision has ever been done of the genus, and few taxonomists remain worldwide with relevant expertise to do such a long overdue revision.Pholcids are largely restricted to undisturbed tropical and subtropical forests. Their highest biodiversity thus concentrates in those areas worldwide that are most severely threatened by deforestation. Unpublished material from museums and from recent expeditions documents an unforeseen species richness of the genus Pholcus. For example, only 23 species of Pholcus and of the potential close relative Leptopholcus are currently known from Subsaharan Africa, but about 100 species are present in collections seen so far by the applicant.The aim of this study is to document and analyse the biodiversity of Subsaharan Pholcus and potential close relatives. The basis of such a revision are morphological species descriptions, including ultrastructure, analysis of variation, and cladistic analysis of morphological characters. This will be combined with phylogenetic analyses based on molecular data and with molecular taxonomy as a means to test species boundaries hypothesized from morphology. Funding is sought for three main aspects: 1) expeditions to acquire material suited for molecular analyses; 2) a student research assistant for routine work in the molecular lab; 3) consumables for molecular work.

目前已描述的物种有 124 个，Pholcus 是蜘蛛科中最大的属，模式种 Pholcus phalangioides 是欧洲最常见的家蜘蛛之一，也是有价值的模式物种。然而，这个团体本身几十年来一直被忽视。事实上，从未对该属进行过任何修订，并且世界范围内很少有分类学家拥有相关专业知识来进行这种迟来的修订。福尔西类主要局限于未受干扰的热带和亚热带森林。因此，其生物多样性最高的地区集中在全世界受森林砍伐威胁最严重的地区。来自博物馆和最近探险的未发表材料记录了福尔库斯属意想不到的物种丰富度。例如，目前撒哈拉以南非洲地区仅已知 23 种 Pholcus 及其潜在近亲 Leptopholcus，但申请人迄今为止发现的收藏品中存在约 100 个物种。本研究的目的是记录和分析撒哈拉以南非洲 Pholcus 及其潜在近亲的生物多样性。这种修订的基础是形态物种描述，包括超微结构、变异分析和形态特征的分支分析。这将与基于分子数据的系统发育分析和分子分类学相结合，作为测试从形态学假设的物种边界的手段。资金主要用于三个方面：1）获取适合分子分析的材料的探险活动； 2）学生研究助理，负责分子实验室的日常工作； 3）分子工作的消耗品。