Immunohistochemical study on alternative expressions of various transcription factors in carcinogenesis of oral mucosa

众所周知，细胞的恶性转化与转录因子的变化有关。在这项工作中，我们针对c-fos和c-jun基因的变化。我科存放的患者口腔黏膜病变标本（癌前、癌前、正常粘膜），用福尔马林固定，石蜡包埋。石蜡切片免疫组织化学染色检测c-Fos和c-Jun蛋白。因此，c-Fos和c-Jun在正常上皮细胞中的表达频率和强度最高，在鳞状细胞癌中表达最低。几种癌前病变表现出不同程度的频率和强度。在鳞状细胞癌中，低分化的比高分化的弱。c- fos和c-jun基因的表达与上皮细胞的角化或分化有关。这些基因的表达减少意味着细胞分化受到干扰，开始恶性转化。综合以上结果，可见c-Fos和c-Jun表达降低的白斑和扁平苔藓病变有向恶性转变的倾向。

It has been well known that malignant transformation of a cell is concerned in changes of transcription factors. In this work, we aimed at the changes of c-fos and c-jun genes.Several kinds of oral mucosal lesion (cancer, precancer and normal mucosa) obtained from patients, which have been stocked in our department, were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin. The paraffin sections were immunohistochemically stained for c-Fos and c-Jun proteins.As a result, expression of c-Fos and c-Jun was highest in frequency and intensity in normal epithelial cells and lowest in squamous cell carcinomas. Several precancerous lesions showed various degree of frequency and intensity case by case. Among squamous cell carcinomas, poorly-differentiated ones were weaker than well-differentiated ones.C-fos and c-jun genes have been reported to be expressed in connection with keratinization or differentiation of the epithelial cells. It is considered that decreased expression of these genes means disturbance of cell differentiation and start of malignant transformation.Considering the above results, the lesions of leucoplakia and lichen planus showing decreased expression of c-Fos and c-Jun is considered to have a tendency to transform into malignancy.