Development of New Processing for the Silk Fibers Produced by the Silkworms Reared on an Artificial Diet

我们试图开发一种新的加工方法来处理人工饲养的蚕所产生的蚕丝纤维。为此，我们研究了人工饲料产丝蛋白的结构和特性，并与桑叶饲料产丝蛋白进行了比较。为此，蚕（Kinshuu*Shougetsu）在整个饲养期内分别饲喂人工饲粮(A)和桑饲粮(M)。人工饮食以豆腐饼为主要成分。以A和M两种茧为样品材料。A蚕茧蚕丝蛋白含量（28.2%）高于N蚕茧蚕丝蛋白含量（25.0%），A蚕丝蛋白在热水中的溶出率也较高。A丝胶蛋白的氨基酸组成与M丝胶蛋白不同。A和M纤维蛋白的AACs几乎相同。A型丝蛋白的x射线衍射图也与M型丝蛋白的x射线衍射图基本相同。A丝胶蛋白对酸性染料的摄取高于N丝胶蛋白，但A丝胶蛋白和M丝胶蛋白的摄取几乎相同。并对A和M丝素样品的力学性能进行了评价。本研究中使用的人工饲料对丝胶蛋白的结构和性能有影响，但对丝胶蛋白的结构和性能影响不大。

We attempted to develop a new processing method for the silk fibers produced by the silkworms reared on an artificial diet. For this purpose, we investigated structure and properties of silk proteins produced on an artificial diet, and compared with those on a mulberry leaf diet. To this end, silkworms (Kinshuu*Shougetsu) were reared on an artificial diet (A) or on a mulberry diet (M) for all rearing duration. The artificial diet consisted of a Tofu-cake as its main component. Two types of cocoons (A and M) were used as sample materials. The sericin content of the A cocoon (28.2%) was higher than that of N (25.0%) and the dissolution rate of the A sericin into hot water was also higher. Amino acid composition (AAC) of the A sericin was different from that of M sericin. The AACs of the A and M fibroins were almost identical. The X-ray diffraction pattern of the A fibroin was also nearly the same as that of M fibroin. Acid dye uptake of the A sericin was higher than that of N sericin, but almost the same for the A and M fibroin samples. Mechanical properties of the A and M fibroin samples were also evaluated. The artificial diet used in this study affects the structure and properties of sericin proteins, but does a little those of fibroin proteins.