Intervention study to evaluate effect of physical and mental training for frail older people.

体育锻炼有望改善和维持老年人的身体机能。尽管如此重要，但对老年人体育锻炼的有益影响的了解有限。采用随机对照试验的方法，将65名60岁以上的老年人随机分为运动组和对照组。运动组的受试者被要求参加仙台市银中心的训练班，每周两到三次，持续25周。两小时的训练课包括耐力训练、主要肌肉的抗阻训练等。对照组每月2次到中心参加娱乐班，最大耗氧量（VO_2max）、肌力、自测等指标均有显著改善 ...更多信息 d在家时的血压（HBP）、日常生活中的体力活动和运动表现。与对照组相比，运动组的VO_2max增加了2.1ml/kg/min，这一结果相当于参与者的有氧能力年轻了5岁。肘屈肌肌力增加2.4kg（16.6%）。运动组收缩压下降7.7 mmHg，舒张压下降3.4 mmHg。HBP的这种降低幅度相当于脑血管疾病风险降低20%。运动组的每日体力活动能量消耗也增加了2.0千卡/公斤（5%）。运动组受试者的VO_2max在训练后6个月维持不变或略有增加，我们将对研究对象进行随访，以检查运动训练的长期效果。我们还将进一步研究开发锻炼计划，以提高老年人在家庭或社区中的习惯性体育活动，使其达到可行的专业参与水平。少

Physical exercise is expected to improve and maintain physical function in older people. In spite of such importance, there is only limited knowledge on the beneficial effects of physical exercise for older people. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of exercise training for older people by a method of randomized controlled trial.Sixty-five eligible participants, aged 60 years and over, were randomly allocated to either exercise group or control group. The subjects in the exercise group were asked to attend training classes at the Sendai Silver Center, a municipal health and welfare, twice or three times a week for 25 weeks. Two-hour training class was consisted of endurance training, resistance training of major muscles, and so forth. The subjects in the control group were asked to attend recreational classes at the Center twice a month.Significant improvement was indicated in such measures as maximum oxygen consumption (VO_2max), muscle strength, self-measure … More d blood pressure at home (HBP), physical activity at daily life, and motor performance. As compared with the control group, VO_2max in the exercise group increased by 2.1 ml/kg/min. This result is equivalent to the participants becoming younger in aerobic capacity by five years. Muscle strength of elbow flexor increased by 2.4 kg (16.6%). HBP in the exercise group decreased by 7.7 mmHg at systolic and by 3.4 mmHg at diastolic. This magnitude of decrease in HBP is comparable as the decrease in the risk of developing cerebrovascular diseases by 20%. Daily energy consumption by physical activity also increased in the exercise group by 2.0 kcal/kg (5%). VO_2max of the subjects at the exercise group was maintained or slightly increased at 6 months after the training session.We would follow up the study subjects in order to examine the long-term effect of exercise training. We also would further the studies to develop exercise programs to enhance habitual physical activities among older people at home or community at a feasible level of professional involvement. Less