Development of Ultraprecision Elliptical Vibration Cutting Machine

经过两年的研究，这项研究的目标已经成功地达到了。获得的主要研究成果如下：1。椭圆振动系统的发展研制了一种抑制两方向振动干扰的椭圆振动谐振器。然后，开发了一种控制系统来跟踪平均谐振频率，并保持两个振动的幅值和相位。超精密椭圆振动切割机的研制采用上述研制的椭圆振动系统，研制了超精密椭圆振动切割机。研究了椭圆振动条件对切削过程剪切角、切削力、表面粗糙度等的影响，明确了椭圆振动的最佳条件。椭圆振动切削的实际效果以往的研究表明，采用椭圆振动切削可以显著减小切屑厚度，从而减小切削力。在本研究中，澄清了上述基本效应导致以下实际效应。“*”应在包括切削方向和切屑流动方向的平面上施加椭圆振动，使切屑被拉出，最有效地降低切削力。“*”的产生毛刺几乎完全抑制应用椭圆旋转切割。“*”加工精度得到提高，再生颤振得到抑制——当使用柔性工件或工具时，效果显著。“*”椭圆振动切削抑制了工件材料与刀具的附着力。

The objectives of this research have been successfully attained after two years of research. The major research results obtained are as follows ;1. Development of elliptical vibration systemA resonator for elliptical vibration is developed, in which interference between two directional vibrations is restrained. Then, a control system is developed to chase the average resonant frequency and to keep the amplitudes and the phase of the two vibrations.2. Development of ultraprecsion elliptical vibration cutting machineAn ultraprecsion elliptical vibration cutting machine is developed by installing the above developed elliptical vibration system.3. Optimum conditions of elliptical vibration Effects of elliptical vibration conditions on the cutting process, i.e. shear angle, cutting force, surface roughness, etc., are investigated, and the optimum elliptical vibration conditions are clarified.4. Practical effects of elliptical vibration cuttingIt was reported in the previous research that the chip thickness and hence the cutting force are reduced drastically by applying elliptical vibration cutting. In the present research, it is clarified that the above fundamental effects lead to the following practical effects."*" The elliptical vibration should be applied in the plane including the cutting direction and the chip flow direction, so that the chip can be pulled out and the cutting force is reduced most effectively."*" Generation of burr is restrained almost completely by applying the elliptical viration cutting."*" Machining accuracy is improved and regenerative chatter vibration is restrained-significantly, when a flexible workpiece or tool is used."*"Adhesion of workpiece material to the tool is restrained by the elliptical vibration cutting.