Theoretical and Practical Studies of Project Method Curriculum in the Post-Modern Era

本研究项目追求的是日本项目研究型学习的最优化。为此，个别研究者致力于收集个别学校课程发展的实际问题的数据。在这些问题中，最困难的是找到主题并建立适当的主题调查方法。教师专业发展最重要的技能是了解儿童的需要，以及他们自己对儿童为了未来的目标需要发展什么样的能力的看法。儿童的需要不是在空虚的环境中产生的，而是在他们与环境的互动中产生的。教师的专业技能是引导儿童的需求，并将这些需求培养成面向未来的目标。为了营造幼儿互动的环境，我们发现，从与传统主题型学习相结合的活动和课外活动等学校活动入手，更有利于幼儿的探究动机。我们还发现了更重要的促进项目方法学习的资源。互联网是拓展项目方法学习信息网络的重要工具。社区的人力资源也是推动项目教学法学习的重要因素。在此基础上，我们尝试寻找其他国家整合课程的经验。对我们来说，学习综合课程的历史也是必不可少的，因为我们很可能会忽视前人在过去发展起来的价值观。

This study project has pursued the optimization of the project method type learning in Japan. For this purpose, the individual researcher worked for collecting the data of practical issues of curriculum development in the individual school. Among those issues, it is most difficult to find the topic and establish the adequate method of inquiry into the topic. The most important skills for teachers' professional development is to understand the children's needs and their own perspectives of what kinds of abilities the children need to develop for the future goal.The children's needs does not emarge in the empty environment but are generated from their interaction with environment. The teacher's professional skill is to steer the children's needs and bring up those needs to the future oriented goals. For building up the environment of those children's interaction, we found that it is more facilitating for the children's motivation for inquiry to start with the activities integrating with the traditional subject type learning and school activities such as extra curricula. We also found the more important facilitating resources for the project method learning. The internet is a very important tool for expanding the information network for the project method learning. The human resources in the communities are also important factors advancing the project method learning.After those findings, we attempted to search for the experiences of integrated curricula in other countries. It is also indispensable for us to learn the history of the integrated curricula because we are likely to ignore the values that the predecessors have developed in the past.