Urban Seismic Risk Management Strategies - Development of High-Performance Infrastructure Systems

这一联合研究项目侧重于以下三个主题。地震灾害风险的城市诊断城市结构和土地利用管理的减灾战略城市生命线系统的升级战略及其评估方法主要研究成果是：1999年2月17日至19日，由京都大学防灾研究所和东京的共同斋会馆联合举办了一次研究研讨会，来自美国的8名研究人员参加了研讨会。来自日本的10名研究人员。研讨会主要讨论了减轻地震对城市设施破坏的高技术和先进材料的开发。本文系统地介绍了这类技术和材料的研究现状，并对其发展前景进行了展望。日本和美国都进行了调查。美国，对城市地震风险的影响。从特大城市规划管理和地震灾害风险管理的角度进行了比较分析。以坂神淡路大地震为例，对人类生活和活动损失的估算方法进行了研究，发现地震发生后，淡路地区的经济损失估计为2万亿日元，经过18年的衰减期，其间接损失总额可能达到10万亿日元。[encircled4]该联合研究为日美城市地震灾害及其风险管理相关研究网络的协同扩展做出了贡献，这主要归功于日美两国研究人员之间的多次访问和讨论。S.此外，2月的京都联合研讨会（见[圈1]）和3月的索纳马会议也有助于我们的日美关系。的研究网络更加加强。

This joint research project has focused the following three themes.【encircled1】 Urban diagnosis of seismic disaster risk【encircled2】 Mitigation strategies for urban structure and land use management【encircled3】 Strategies for upgrading urban lifeline systems and their evaluation methodsThe major research results are :【encircled1】 A joint research seminar was held at both the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, and the Kyosai Kaikan in Tokyo, for the period February 17-19, 1999, by gathering eight researchers from U. S and ten researchers from Japan. The seminar discussed primarily the development of high-technology and advanced materials for mitigating earthquake damages to urban facilities. The state of the arts of such technologies and material has systematically be reviewed and their future prospects have been discussed.【encircled2】 Investigation has been carried out both in Japan and U. S., regarding the effects on urban seismic risk. Comparative analyses have been performed from the viewpoint of both planning and management of megalopolises and risk management of seismic disaster.【encircled3】 Methods of estimating losses to human life and activities have been examined, with a case study on the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster, It has been found that the estimated Awaji-economic losses of the disaster immediately after the earthquake amounted to 2 trillion yen, and their overall indirect losses after a 18 year decaying period may amount to 10 trillion yen.【encircled4】 The joint research has contributed to the synergetic extension of Japan-US research networks related to seismic urban disaster and its risk management, mainly due to numerous visits and discussions achieved on individual researcher levels between Japan and U. S. In addition, the Kyoto joint seminar in February, (see【encircled1 】) and the Sonama Meeting in March have helped our Japan-U. S research network even more strengthened.