Urban Seismic Risk Management Strategies - Development of High-Performance Infrastructure Systems

本次联合研究项目围绕以下三个主题展开。[围绕1]城市地震灾害风险诊断[围绕2]城市结构和土地利用管理的减灾战略[围绕3]提升城市生命线系统的战略及其评估方法主要研究成果是：1999年2月17-19日，由S大学的8名研究人员和日本的10名研究人员在京都大学防灾研究所和东京的共同社开心所共同举办了联合研究研讨会。研讨会主要讨论了减轻城市设施地震破坏的高科技和先进材料的发展。系统地回顾了这类技术和材料的发展现状，并讨论了它们的未来前景。日本和美国都已就其对城市地震危险性的影响进行了调查。从特大城市的规划管理和地震灾害的风险管理两个角度进行了对比分析。研究了估计人类生命和活动损失的方法，并以阪神-阿瓦吉地震灾害为例，发现地震发生后立即发生的Awaji地震灾害的经济损失估计为2万亿日元，经过18年的衰减期后，它们的总间接损失可能达到10万亿日元。联合研究有助于日美地震城市灾害及其风险管理研究网络的协同扩展。主要是由于日美之间就研究人员个人层面进行了多次访问和讨论，此外，2月份的京都联合研讨会和3月份的Sonama会议帮助了我们的日美关系。S的研究网络更加强大。

This joint research project has focused the following three themes.【encircled1】 Urban diagnosis of seismic disaster risk【encircled2】 Mitigation strategies for urban structure and land use management【encircled3】 Strategies for upgrading urban lifeline systems and their evaluation methodsThe major research results are :【encircled1】 A joint research seminar was held at both the Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, and the Kyosai Kaikan in Tokyo, for the period February 17-19, 1999, by gathering eight researchers from U. S and ten researchers from Japan. The seminar discussed primarily the development of high-technology and advanced materials for mitigating earthquake damages to urban facilities. The state of the arts of such technologies and material has systematically be reviewed and their future prospects have been discussed.【encircled2】 Investigation has been carried out both in Japan and U. S., regarding the effects on urban seismic risk. Comparative analyses have been performed from the viewpoint of both planning and management of megalopolises and risk management of seismic disaster.【encircled3】 Methods of estimating losses to human life and activities have been examined, with a case study on the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake Disaster, It has been found that the estimated Awaji-economic losses of the disaster immediately after the earthquake amounted to 2 trillion yen, and their overall indirect losses after a 18 year decaying period may amount to 10 trillion yen.【encircled4】 The joint research has contributed to the synergetic extension of Japan-US research networks related to seismic urban disaster and its risk management, mainly due to numerous visits and discussions achieved on individual researcher levels between Japan and U. S. In addition, the Kyoto joint seminar in February, (see【encircled1 】) and the Sonama Meeting in March have helped our Japan-U. S research network even more strengthened.