Study on epidemiology of the chronic arsenic poisoning in China

井水的无机砷污染是目前全球范围内发生的大规模慢性砷中毒。他们大约有1300万人，印度是1000万人，据猜测中国是200万人，慢性砷中毒的症状迟早会出现在高浓度接触无机砷者总数的20%左右。本研究的调查区域为内蒙古和山西。本研究的成果如下。造成慢性砷中毒的原因是井水中含有一种砷酸盐。平均推定一天从井水中摄取的砷量表明，经常有机会达到1mg左右和3mg左右。慢性砷中毒患者经肝内一种砷酸盐的甲基化两期解毒。轻度无机砷接触慢性砷中毒的皮肤表现（井水砷浓度为0.05 ~ 1 ppm）有明显的砷性角化倾向，依次为颈部白化、色素沉着、手背、腹部足部。高浓度无机砷暴露慢性砷中毒（1 ~ 3ppm）的皮肤表现证实了1例，该病例与色素白化和色素沉着性砷性角化同时出现或在此之前。与女性相比，男性慢性砷中毒的皮肤表现更为严重。性别差异在皮肤表现上存在差异。在不到20年的时间里，没有观察到无机砷暴露和致癌性。尿液中DNA损伤物质（尿-8-羟基-2-鸟苷）的测定对无机砷暴露导致的尿致癌性风险评价是有效的。慢性砷中毒患者通过使用0.05ppm以下的饮用水，砷迅速从体内排出。阐明了慢性砷中毒的预防和改善措施。具体而言，使用0.05ppm以下的饮用水对砷性角化病有改善作用。少

Large-scale with the chronic arsenic poisoning is generated by the inorganic arsenic contamination of the well water now globally. They are about 13,000,000 people, India is 10,000,000 people, and it is guessed that China is 2,000,000 people, and the symptom of the chronic arsenic poisoning appears about 20% sooner or later the total of high concentration those who expose inorganic arsenic. The region of this research for the investigation in Inner Mongolia and Shanxi Province. The products in this research is the under mentioned results. The cause of the chronic arsenic poisoning is an arsenate, which the well water contains. The amount of the arsenic intake of average presumption from the well water during a day clarified that the chance to reach about 1mg and about 3mg existed frequently. The chronic arsenic poisoning patient had the detoxification (methylate of two stages) for an arsenate in the liver. The skin manifestation of the chronic arsenic poisoning by a slight inorganic ar … More senic exposure (As concentrations is 0.05-1 ppm in well water) had the tendency admitted in order of the arsenical keratosis of the collaring matter bleaching, the pigmentation, and the hand and the foot of the abdomen in the back.The skin manifestation of the chronic arsenic poisoning from a high concentration inorganic arsenic exposure (for 1-3 ppm) confirmed a case, which appeared or was preceding at the same time as the coloring matter bleaching and the pigmentation arsenical keratosis existed. Man's skin manifestation in the chronic arsenic poisoning was a serious illness compared with the woman. The difference of the sex difference existed in the skin manifestation.The inorganic arsenic exposure was observed and carcinogenecity was not observed for less than 20 years. The measurement of the DNA damage material (urinary-8-hydroxyl-2-guanosine) was effective for the risk evaluation of carcinogenecity in urine because of the inorganic as exposure. The chronic arsenic poisoning patient was excreted and the arsenic was excreted from inside the body rapidly by using the drinking water of 0.05ppm or less. Possible prevention and the improvement of the chronic arsenic poisoning were clarified. Concretely, the arsenic-keratosis clarified the improvement by using the drinking water of 0.05ppm or less. Less