Developing public health policies for the out of home food sector to improve diet and reduce obesity

制定户外食品部门的公共卫生政策，以改善饮食和减少肥胖

• 批准号: ES/W007932/1
• 负责人: Eric Robinson
• 金额: $ 104万
• 依托单位: University of Liverpool
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2023 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ES%2FW007932%2F1
• 关键词: Developing; public; health; policies; out

In the UK, more than one quarter of adults now have obesity and obesity-related disease alone costs the economy £27billion per year. The obesity epidemic emerged due to economic and societal changes that resulted in an 'obesogenic' food environment. A key aspect of the 'obesogenic' food environment is the out of home food (OOHF) sector, which is defined as the retail sector in which food is purchased from outside of the home for immediate consumption, including takeaway or home delivered restaurant food (e.g. OOHF outlets include coffee shops, cafes, canteens, restaurants and fast-food outlets). Over time the nation's diet has become more dependent on the OOHF. However, this shift towards an increased reliance on OOHF sources is now a significant problem because at present food products sold by the OOHF sector tend to be high in calories and low in dietary quality, which has resulted in the OOHF sector contributing to population level weight gain and obesity. Because of the growing role that the OOHF sector has on nation's diets, public health policies that target the OOHF sector have been identified as being key to reducing diet-related disease and UK government have now identified the OOHF sector as an area of obesity policy action. Generating an evidence base for an extensive range of new public health policies that can be implemented in the OOHF sector is now research priority. In this project we will use a cross-disciplinary approach to generate evidence based public health policy recommendations that can be implemented in the OOHF sector to improve diet and reduce obesity. To identify which policies will be most effective, we first need to understand the exact contribution that the OOHF sector has on the nation's diet. In Work Package 1 we will conduct the largest nationally representative online survey of its kind and collect new data that will allow us to quantify for the first time the contribution that different OOHF outlet food sources have on the energy intake and overall nutritional quality of the nation's diet. In Work Package 2, we will use a combination of virtual and real-world consumer behaviour study methods to examine how a range of policies implemented in the OOHF sector affect consumer behaviour. We will study the effects of fiscal (e.g. taxation), structural (e.g. altering products available) and information-based (e.g. improved menu labelling) policies to uncover which policies have the largest positive effect on diet and why. Work Package 3 will then draw on the evidence generated from Work Package 1 and 2 to conduct epidemiological and economic modelling. We will quantify the long-term impacts that different OOHF sector policies would have on population health (e.g. reduction to obesity prevalence and lives saved per year) and the economy. Throughout the project we will examine which policies are likely to benefit the health of all of the population and identify policies that have potential to reduce health-based social inequalities. For example, in Work Package 1 we will examine whether the role of OOHF sources on the diet differs based on socioeconomic status (SES) and demographic profile and in Work Package 2 we will recruit diverse participant samples in order to test whether tested policies benefit the diet of people from both lower and higher SES. Work Package 3 modelling will account for SES-based baselines differences in diet and health, as well as any SES patterning of OOHF usage and SES-based effectiveness of policies to identify which OOHF policies will be equitable (benefit all) or have potential to narrow health inequalities (e.g. particularly beneficial for low SES groups). During the project we will be advised by non-academic partners responsible for obesity policy action and a steering group of international public health experts. This approach will maximise the academic contribution and long-term impact that our research will have in the UK and globally.

在英国，超过四分之一的成年人患有肥胖症，仅与肥胖有关的疾病每年就给英国经济造成270亿英镑的损失。肥胖流行病的出现是由于经济和社会的变化导致了“致肥”的食物环境。“致肥性”食品环境的一个关键方面是家庭外食品（OOHF）部门，它被定义为从家庭外购买食品以供立即消费的零售部门，包括外卖或家庭送餐的餐馆食品（例如，家庭外食品网点包括咖啡店、咖啡馆、食堂、餐馆和快餐店）。随着时间的推移，这个国家的饮食越来越依赖于OOHF。然而，这种日益依赖OOHF来源的转变现在是一个重大问题，因为目前OOHF部门销售的食品往往热量高，膳食质量低，这导致OOHF部门导致人口体重增加和肥胖。由于OOHF部门在国家饮食中的作用越来越大，针对OOHF部门的公共卫生政策已被确定为减少饮食相关疾病的关键，英国政府现在已将OOHF部门确定为肥胖政策行动的一个领域。为一系列广泛的新公共卫生政策建立证据基础，以便在东方性卫生保健部门实施，现在是研究重点。在本项目中，我们将采用跨学科方法，提出基于证据的公共卫生政策建议，这些建议可在东方海地区实施，以改善饮食和减少肥胖。为了确定哪些政策将是最有效的，我们首先需要了解OOHF部门对国家饮食的确切贡献。在工作包1中，我们将开展同类调查中最具全国代表性的在线调查，并收集新的数据，使我们能够首次量化不同的OOHF出口食物来源对国民饮食的能量摄入和整体营养质量的贡献。在工作包2中，我们将结合使用虚拟和现实世界的消费者行为研究方法来研究在OOHF部门实施的一系列政策如何影响消费者行为。我们将研究财政政策（如税收）、结构性政策（如改变现有产品）和基于信息的政策（如改进菜单标签）的影响，以揭示哪些政策对饮食产生了最大的积极影响，以及原因。然后，工作包3将利用工作包1和工作包2产生的证据进行流行病学和经济建模。我们将量化不同的OOHF部门政策对人口健康（例如减少肥胖流行率和每年挽救的生命）和经济的长期影响。在整个项目中，我们将审查哪些政策可能有利于所有人口的健康，并确定有可能减少基于健康的社会不平等的政策。例如，在工作包1中，我们将研究OOHF来源对饮食的作用是否会根据社会经济地位（SES）和人口结构而有所不同；在工作包2中，我们将招募不同的参与者样本，以测试所测试的政策是否有利于社会经济地位较低和较高人群的饮食。工作包3建模将考虑基于社会经济地位的饮食和健康基线差异，以及OOHF使用的任何社会经济地位模式和基于社会经济地位的政策有效性，以确定哪些OOHF政策将是公平的（惠及所有人）或有可能缩小健康不平等（例如，特别有利于低社会经济地位群体）。在项目期间，我们将由负责肥胖政策行动的非学术合作伙伴和国际公共卫生专家指导小组提供建议。这种方法将使我们的研究在英国和全球的学术贡献和长期影响最大化。

项目成果

The impact of calorie labelling and proportional pricing on out of home food orders: a randomised controlled trial study using a virtual food and drink delivery app.

• DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01513-2
• 发表时间: 2023-09-19
• 期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
• 影响因子: 8.7
• 作者: Finlay, Amy;Boyland, Emma;Jones, Andrew;Witkam, Rozemarijn;Robinson, Eric
• 通讯作者: Robinson, Eric