Mechanisms underlying resilience to neighborhood disadvantage (Administrative Supplement)

抵御邻里劣势的潜在机制（行政补充）

• 批准号: 10159683
• 负责人: S. Alexandra Burt
• 金额: $ 15.64万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10159683
• 关键词: Acute; Administrative Supplement; Adolescence; Adolescent; Anxiety; Area; Behavioral; Buffers; Businesses; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Child; Chronic; Communities; Competence; Containment; Data; Development; Economics; Etiology; Exposure to; Family; Goals; Health; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Methodology; Michigan; Natural experiment; Nature; Occupational Health; Outcome; Parents; Pathway interactions; Personal Satisfaction; Process; Psychopathology; Research; Sampling; Schools; Social Impacts; Twin Multiple Birth; Vulnerable Populations; Work; Youth; biobehavior; improved; neighborhood disadvantage; neural network; neurobehavioral; neuroimaging; pandemic disease; parent grant; protective factors; relating to nervous system; resilience; social; stressor

Summary Decades of research have confirmed the damaging effects of chronic and acute adversities on socioemotional, academic, and health outcomes [1-10]. And yet, many children growing up in these contexts demonstrate `resilient' outcomes (operationalized here as both the presence of adaptive competence(s) and the absence of psychopathology). How do children achieve such adaptive outcomes in the face of significant adversity? Extant studies indicate that protective familial- and community-level factors promote socioemotional resilience by buffering children from the effects of adversity [11-16]. Very little work, however, has considered the neurobehavioral pathways through which these protective processes confer resilience [17]. The parent grant will do just this in a sample of youth residing in neighborhood disadvantage, identifying neural markers of resilience to chronic adversity and illuminating the multilevel etiologic processes through which protective factors promote these neuro-resilient pathways. The proposed supplement will enhance this work, leveraging a natural experiment with an exogenous and acute stressor (COVID-19 and its economic, social, and personal impacts) to illuminate the ways in which protective factors promote neuro-resilience to acute adversity as well. We propose to reassess all twin families eligible for the parent grant (i.e., early-to-mid adolescent twin pairs residing in modestly-to-severely disadvantaged neighborhood contexts across lower Michigan), conducting two online COVID-19 related assessments across the next year. We will specifically collect data on the economic, occupational, health, and social impacts of the pandemic and their downstream mental health consequences (e.g., depression, anxiety), as well as youth adaptive competencies in the face of COVID-19. In this way, we can evaluate how the impacts of business and school closures unfold over the course of the pandemic, as well as whether and how some youth developed resilience to these significant stressors. By leveraging exposure to an exogenous and acute stressor like COVID-19, the proposed supplement will allow the parent grant to expand its current focus on neuro-resilience to chronic adversity to also include an acute stressor as well.

总结 几十年的研究已经证实了慢性和急性逆境对社会情绪的破坏性影响， 学术和健康结果[1 - 10]。然而，许多在这些环境中长大的孩子表明， "复原力"成果（在此可操作为适应能力的存在和缺乏） 精神病理学）。面对重大的逆境，孩子们是如何实现这种适应性结果的？现存 研究表明，家庭和社区层面的保护性因素通过以下方式促进社会情感复原力： 孩子们的成长经历[16]。然而，很少有研究考虑到 神经行为途径，通过这些保护过程赋予弹性[17]。父母补助金 我将在一个居住在社区劣势的年轻人样本中做这件事， 对慢性逆境的适应力，并阐明了多层次的病因学过程， 这些因素促进了这些神经弹性通路。拟议补编将加强这项工作， 自然实验与外源性和急性应激源（COVID-19及其经济，社会， 个人影响），以阐明保护因素促进神经恢复力对急性逆境的方式 也我们建议重新评估所有有资格获得父母补助金的双胞胎家庭（即，青春期早中期双生子 对居住在密歇根州南部的中度到严重弱势社区环境中的人）， 在未来一年进行两次在线COVID-19相关评估。我们将专门收集以下数据： 大流行的经济、职业、健康和社会影响及其下游心理健康 后果（例如，抑郁、焦虑），以及面对COVID-19的青年适应能力。在 通过这种方式，我们可以评估企业和学校关闭的影响如何在整个过程中展开。 这一问题的关键在于，青年人是否以及如何对这些重大压力因素形成了复原力。通过 利用对COVID-19等外源性急性应激源的暴露，拟议的补充将允许 家长赠款，以扩大其目前的重点神经弹性，以适应慢性逆境，也包括急性 压力也是。