Helping the Poor Quit Smoking: Specialized Quitlines and Meeting Basic Needs

项目摘要/摘要 新冠肺炎对低收入和少数族裔人群的影响是深远的，涉及健康、 就业、收入、食物、租金、交通以及尿布和卫生纸等日常需求。在密苏里州， 在父母研究和拟议的补充发生的地方，差异比比皆是。非裔美国人组成 12%的州人口，但超过40%的新冠肺炎死亡率--在美国 报告种族数据的州。截至2020年4月20日，我们已在家长中招募了1743名低收入日吸烟者 研究是一项随机试验，测试两种戒烟干预措施。超过一半的人报告了年度家庭收入 10,000美元，大多数(59%)是非裔美国人，许多(30%)没有读完高中。他们也是 患病：50%的人报告至少有一种慢性病(28%的哮喘，20%的COPD，15%的II型糖尿病，10%的心脏病 56%的人认为自己的健康状况“一般”(39%)或“差”(17%)。从2020年3月9日至4月16日，我们 对88名受试者进行新冠肺炎问卷调查。新冠肺炎的知名度很高，但具有保护性 行为不一致，职业暴露很高：在那些工作的人中-74%是非洲人 美国人--在COVID期间，只有19%的人没有工作，6%的人在家工作。简而言之，低工资 少数族裔吸烟者通常健康状况良好或较差，他们在户外工作，与其他人有更多的接触， 但几乎没有防护装备。我们在这个小组中提出了一项高度创新的研究，使用密集的 纵向数据收集和前沿时间序列分析，以了解复杂、动态的 在RFA中确定为优先事项的四个因素之间的关系：(1)就业中断；(2)社会和 经济需求；(3)坚持遏制和缓解新冠肺炎的建议；(4)健康 指标和行为。这项研究将产生可用于模拟遵守保护性措施的估计 对日常需求、个人健康和健康行为的衡量和破坏，如低工资中的吸烟 流行病期间的少数族裔工人。

Project Summary/Abstract The impact of COVID-19 on low-income and minority populations has been profound, spanning health, employment, income, food, rent, transportation and daily needs like diapers and toilet paper. In Missouri, where the parent study and proposed supplement take place, disparities abound. African Americans make up <12% of the state population but over 40% of COVID-19 deaths – the second largest gap in the U.S. among states reporting race data. As of April 20, 2020, we have enrolled 1,743 low-income daily smokers in the parent study, a randomized trial testing two cessation interventions. Over half report annual household income <$10,000, most (59%) are African American, and many (30%) did not complete high school. They are also sick: 50% report at least one chronic condition (28% asthma, 20% COPD, 15% Type II diabetes, 10% heart disease), and 56% rate their health as “fair” (39%) or “poor” (17%). From March 9 to April 16, 2020, we administered COVID-19 survey items to 88 participants. Awareness of COVID-19 was high, but protective behaviors were inconsistent, and occupational exposures were high: of those who worked – 74% African Americans – only 19% had been off work and 6% worked from home during COVID. In short, low-wage minority smokers, often in fair or poor health, were working outside the home, having more contact with others, but with little protective equipment. We propose a highly innovative study in this sub-group using intensive longitudinal data collection and cutting-edge time series analyses to understand complex, dynamic relationships among four factors identified as priorities in the RFA: (1) employment disruptions; (2) social and economic needs; (3) adherence to COVID-19 containment and mitigation recommendations; and (4) health indicators and behaviors. The study will produce estimates that can be used to model adherence to protective measures and disruption to daily needs, personal health, and health behaviors such as smoking in low-wage minority workers during pandemics.