Expanding population-level interventions to help more low-income smokers quit

扩大人口干预措施，帮助更多低收入吸烟者戒烟

• 批准号: 10374966
• 负责人: MATTHEW W. KREUTER
• 金额: $ 62.91万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-23 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10374966
• 关键词: Abstinence; Adult; American; Belief; Biochemical; Contracts; Costs and Benefits; Counseling; Data; Economics; Education; Effectiveness; Eligibility Determination; Evidence based practice; Exposure to; Group Homes; Health Care Costs; Home; Hour; Human; Hybrids; Intervention; Lead; Low Income Population; Low income; Measures; Medicaid; Participant; Policies; Population; Poverty; Practical trial; Prevalence; Provider; Psychological Stress; Randomized; Readiness; Reporting; Research; Services; Smoke-free home; Smoker; Smoking; Societies; Subgroup; Telephone; Testing; Tobacco; Treatment Cost; Uninsured; base; cigarette smoke; comparison intervention; cost effectiveness; design; economic cost; environmental tobacco smoke; evidence base; follow-up; home smoking ban; hybrid type 2 design; non-smoker; policy implication; programs; quitline; randomized trial; recruit; service providers; smoking prevalence; smoking-related cancer; treatment services

ABSTRACT Many low-income Americans, racial and ethnic minorities, and other marginalized groups live in information- poor environments, disproportionately exposed to misinformation about COVID-19, and distrusting medical, government and scientific institutions and leaders. These and other social, cultural and behavioral factors pose significant obstacles to public health efforts to increase population testing and vaccination in a pandemic. Effective health communication is urgently needed to help counter these challenges and reduce disparities in COVID-19's impact. Working in close partnership with 2-1-1 helplines in four states and nationwide, we propose rapid-cycle research that moves from audience analysis to message testing among priority populations identified in the NOSI. Our approach builds on strong evidence from our team's decades-long program of health communication research to eliminate disparities, especially proven message tactics such as cultural values, disparity framing, and narratives, that will be applied to the COVID-19 context. Specifically, we will conduct a multi-method content analysis of 43,000+ COVID-19 testing inquiries to 2-1-1 (Aim 1), survey and interview 350 2-1-1 callers and phone operators (Aim 2), and develop and evaluate in randomized A-B testing new COVID-19 testing messages among 300 2-1-1 callers (Aim 3). Taken together, these activities will identify essential context and content for communicating about COVID-19 testing to vulnerable populations, integrate this knowledge into proven message tactics, and determine their impact on interest in and intention to be tested and other key outcomes. Our partnership with 2-1-1s is central to the proposed research. Of the 24 priority populations identified in the NOSI, 2-1-1s serve a higher proportion of callers from nearly every group compared to their proportion of the U.S. population, including 60-80% racial or ethnic minorities, 40-55% with household income below $10,000, and 1 in 4 not completing high school. During COVID-19, 2-1-1s in 36 states have fielded 964,286 COVID-19 requests. These first-hand accounts from underserved Americans concerned about or affected by COVID-19 must inform communication efforts, and the infrastructure of 2-1-1 is well suited to support rapid testing of promising approaches.

抽象的 许多低收入美国人，种族和少数民族以及其他边缘化群体生活在信息中 - 环境不佳，不成比例地暴露于关于COVID-19的错误信息，并不信任医疗， 政府和科学机构和领导人。这些以及其他社会，文化和行为因素构成 在大流行中增加人口测试和疫苗接种的重大障碍。 迫切需要有效的健康沟通来帮助应对这些挑战并减少差异 Covid-19的影响。我们与在四个州和全国各地的2-1-1密切合作伙伴关系合作，我们 提出快速循环研究，从受众分析转变为优先级的消息测试 在NOSI中确定的种群。我们的方法基于团队数十年来的有力证据 卫生传播研究计划，以消除差异，特别是经过验证的消息策略，例如 文化价值，差异框架和叙述将应用于1900的环境。具体来说，我们 将对2-1-1进行43,000多个COVID-19测试查询进行多方法分析（AIM 1），调查 并采访350 2-1-1呼叫者和电话操作员（AIM 2），并在随机的A-B中开发和评估 测试300 2-1-1呼叫者之间的新Covid-19测试消息（AIM 3）。两者一起，这些活动将 确定有关与脆弱人群进行有关COVID-19测试的沟通的基本上下文和内容， 将这些知识纳入经过验证的消息策略，并确定其对兴趣和意图的影响 进行测试和其他关键结果。我们与2-1-1S的合作伙伴关系是拟议研究的核心。 24 在NOSI中确定的优先人群，2-1-1s几乎从每个小组中提供更高比例的呼叫者 与美国人口的比例相比，包括60-80％的种族或少数民族，40-55％ 家庭收入低于$ 10,000，四分之一未完成高中。在Covid-19期间，36中的2-1-1s 各州已提出964,286 COVID-19的请求。这些来自服务不足的美国人的第一手说法 关注或受到Covid-19的影响或受到影响，必须为沟通工作提供信息，2-1-1的基础设施是 非常适合支持有前途方法的快速测试。