RACE, COVID-19, and Health Outcomes Among Individuals Born Preterm

摘要 该项目解决了对种族之间潜在联系的理解方面的一个关键差距，即COVID-19 以及儿童的福祉。我们将通过与其他ECHO合作来评估这些关系 队列，从而增加了我们研究样本的地理差异。我们的队列，来自极端 低胎龄新生儿（ELGAN）研究，提供了评估子集内关系的机会 根据出生时的胎龄定义。鉴于个体早期生活逆境的高发生率 由于早产，我们预计会发现对COVID-19有害影响的脆弱性增加 流行病尽管儿童因COVID-19而感染危及生命的疾病的人数少于成人， 为阻止COVID-19传播而实施的公共卫生政策扰乱了儿童的生活， 经济萧条，社会距离和前所未有的教育中断。向距离的转变 学习改变了孩子们的家庭、学校和社会环境，但我们对这种影响知之甚少。 这些变化对儿童健康和发展的影响。这些干扰可能会产生更强的负面影响 对历史上得不到充分服务的群体，包括低收入家庭，以及少数种族和族裔。这 一项提案旨在评估COVID-19公共卫生政策对儿童的意外心理社会影响 和家庭，并检查这些影响是否在低收入社区更为突出， 颜色的社区。我们研究了COVID-19卫生政策是否会给这些家庭带来更多的困难， 如果这些困难对他们的积极健康发展产生不利影响， 能力和幸福。通过与主要由临产或足月出生的儿童组成的队列合作， 我们还将评估与COVID-19相关的压力因素是否对特别脆弱的群体产生更大的影响 儿童，即，那些早产儿此外，我们将研究学校的做法是否与距离有关， 学习和支持性社交网络也与儿童的结果相关，与COVID-19无关 艰辛该项目将确定公共卫生政策影响家庭的过程， 促进儿童积极健康发展的做法。

ABSTRACT This project addresses a critical gap in the understanding of potential links between race, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the well-being of children. We will evaluate these relationships by collaborating with other ECHO cohorts, thus increasing the geographical variation of our study sample. Our cohort, derived from the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn (ELGAN) study, provides the opportunity to evaluate relationships within subsets defined in terms of gestational age at birth. Given the high prevalence of early life adversities among individuals born extremely preterm, we anticipate finding increased vulnerability to the harmful effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although fewer children than adults have developed life-threatening infections due to COVID-19, the public health policies implemented to stop the spread of COVID-19 have disrupted children’s lives through economic depression, social distancing, and unprecedented educational disruptions. The shift to distance learning has changed children’s home, school, and social environments, but we know very little about the impact of these changes on children’s health and development. These disruptions may have stronger negative effects on historically underserved groups, including lower income families, as well as racial and ethnic minorities. This proposal seeks to evaluate the unintended psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 public health policies on children and families, and to examine if these effects are more prominent within lower income communities and communities of color. We examine if COVID-19 Health Policies impose more hardships on families within these groups, and if these hardships adversely affect their positive health development, as indexed by academic competence and well-being. By collaborating with cohorts comprised primarily of children born near or at term, we will also evaluate whether COVID-19 related stressors have greater impact on a particularly vulnerable group of children, i.e., those born extremely preterm. Further, we will examine if school practices related to distance learning and supportive social networks are also associated with child outcomes, independent of COVID-19 hardships. This project will identify processes by which public health policies influence families and will identify practices that promote children’s positive health development.