Does When You Exercise Matter? A Randomized Trial Comparing the Effect of Morning versus Evening Aerobic Exercise on Weight Loss and Compensatory Behaviors

运动时间重要吗？

• 批准号: 10296553
• 负责人: VICTORIA A CATENACCI
• 金额: $ 66.54万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-17 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10296553
• 关键词: Adherence; Adult; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Attention; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body Weight Changes; Body Weight decreased; Body mass index; Burn injury; Calories; Characteristics; Circadian Rhythms; Cues; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Desire for food; Development; Diet; Dose; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Ensure; Equilibrium; Exercise; Exhibits; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Financial compensation; Hunger; Indirect Calorimetry; Individual; Intake; Intervention; Lead; Life Style; Literature; Measures; Methods; Nutritional; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Phase; Physical activity; Physiological; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Research; Sleep; Supervision; Time; Weight; Weight Gain; attenuation; base; circadian; design; doubly-labeled water; energy balance; exercise intervention; exercise prescription; exercise training; food craving; innovation; insight; intervention effect; novel; obese person; obesity treatment; prevent; primary endpoint; primary outcome; prospective; randomized trial; response; sedentary; success; total energy expenditure; trial comparing

PROJECT SUMMARY & ABSTRACT Does what time of day you exercise matter for weight loss? The objective of this proposal is to determine the effect of an equivalent dose of morning versus evening aerobic exercise on change in body weight, energy intake (EI), and components of energy expenditure (EE) in adults with overweight or obesity. Nearly two-thirds of US adults who attempt to lose weight engage in exercise as a strategy for weight loss. However, weight loss from exercise alone is often substantially less than predicted based on the calories burned in exercise. This is due to compensatory changes that occur in response to exercise (e.g. increases in EI and decreases in non-exercise EE) that limit the energy deficit produced by exercise. Thus, strategies that reduce the compensatory response could enhance the weight loss efficacy of exercise. Preliminary data suggests that morning exercise may limit development of compensation and thus be superior to evening exercise for weight loss. In a secondary data analysis of a 10-month supervised exercise intervention in adults with overweight or obesity, individuals who predominantly exercised in the morning exhibited three-fold greater weight loss compared to individuals who predominantly exercised in the evening, despite equivalent exercise EE and adherence. Further, 81% of morning exercisers achieved ≥5% weight loss, compared to 36% of evening exercisers. There was also evidence of differences in compensation. Despite no intervention on diet, morning exercisers decreased EI across the intervention, while evening exercisers increased EI. Morning exercisers increased total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) proportionately to the EE of exercise, while evening exercisers demonstrated attenuated increases in TDEE. However, these results were from a retrospective analysis in which participants were categorized by the time of day in which they predominantly performed exercise sessions. A rigorously designed randomized trial is needed to confirm these novel findings. In the proposed study, adults with overweight or obesity will be randomized to 7 months of supervised aerobic exercise (2000 kcal/week) performed either in the morning or the evening, and then followed for an additional 6 months. The central hypothesis is that morning exercise will result in greater weight loss as compared to evening exercise due to attenuated development of compensatory changes in EI and EE. The study will compare the effects of morning versus evening exercise on changes in body weight and body composition (Aim 1), changes in EI and appetite (Aim 2), changes in EE, non-exercise physical activity, and sedentary time (Aim 3), and changes in meal timing and sleep (Exploratory Aim 4). The approach is rigorous and innovative as exercise will be prescribed based on EE using indirect calorimetry, free- living TDEE and EI will be measured objectively (doubly-labeled water), and 24-hr patterns of physical activity, sedentary time, meal timing, and sleep will be measured to understand pathways through which exercise timing alters energetics and weight loss. The study is significant as it could identify a practicable strategy to enhance weight loss from exercise and provide insight on how timing of exercise impacts compensatory behaviors.

项目概要和摘要 一天中的什么时间锻炼对减肥有影响吗？该提案的目的是确定 同等剂量的早晨与晚上有氧运动对体重变化、能量摄入的影响 (EI) 以及超重或肥胖成人的能量消耗 (EE) 组成部分。近三分之二的美国 试图减肥的成年人将锻炼作为减肥策略。然而，减肥从 单独运动通常远远低于根据运动消耗的卡路里预测的水平。这是由于 因运动而发生的代偿性变化（例如 EI 增加和非运动减少） EE）限制运动产生的能量不足。因此，减少补偿反应的策略 可以增强运动的减肥功效。初步数据表明，晨练可能会限制 代偿的发展，因此优于晚上运动的减肥效果。在二手资料中 对超重或肥胖成年人进行的为期 10 个月的监督运动干预分析 与那些在早上锻炼的人相比，主要锻炼的人体重减轻了三倍 尽管运动效率和坚持程度相当，但主要在晚上进行锻炼。此外，81% 早晨锻炼者的体重减轻了 ≥5%，而晚上锻炼者的体重减轻了 36%。也有证据 补偿的差异。尽管没有对饮食进行干预，晨练者还是降低了整个过程中的 EI 干预，而晚上锻炼者则增加 EI。晨练者增加每日总能量消耗 （TDEE）与运动的 EE 成比例，而夜间锻炼者的 EE 增加减弱 TDEE。然而，这些结果来自回顾性分析，其中参与者按 他们一天中主要进行锻炼的时间。严格设计的随机试验是 需要证实这些新发现。在拟议的研究中，超重或肥胖的成年人将 随机进行 7 个月的有监督有氧运动（2000 kcal/周），在早上或晚上进行 晚上，然后又进行了 6 个月的随访。中心假设是晨练会导致 由于代偿性发育减弱，与晚上锻炼相比，体重减轻幅度更大 EI 和 EE 的变化。该研究将比较早上和晚上锻炼对身体变化的影响 体重和身体成分（目标 1）、EI 和食欲的变化（目标 2）、EE 的变化、非运动 身体活动和久坐时间（目标 3），以及进餐时间和睡眠的变化（探索性目标 4）。这 该方法严格且创新，因为运动将根据 EE 使用间接量热法、自由 将客观测量生活 TDEE 和 EI（双标记水）以及 24 小时体力活动模式， 将测量久坐时间、进餐时间和睡眠，以了解锻炼时间的途径 改变能量和减肥。这项研究意义重大，因为它可以确定切实可行的策略来增强 运动减肥，并提供有关运动时间如何影响补偿行为的见解。