Does When You Exercise Matter? A Randomized Trial Comparing the Effect of Morning versus Evening Aerobic Exercise on Weight Loss and Compensatory Behaviors

运动时间重要吗？

• 批准号: 10470288
• 负责人: VICTORIA A CATENACCI
• 金额: $ 68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-17 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10470288
• 关键词: Adherence; Adult; Aerobic Exercise; Affect; Attention; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Composition; Body Weight; Body Weight Changes; Body Weight decreased; Body mass index; Burn injury; Calories; Characteristics; Circadian Rhythms; Cues; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Desire for food; Development; Diet; Dose; Energy Intake; Energy Metabolism; Ensure; Equilibrium; Exercise; Exhibits; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Financial compensation; Hunger; Indirect Calorimetry; Individual; Intake; Intervention; Lead; Life Style; Literature; Measures; Methods; Nutritional; Obesity; Overweight; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patients; Pattern; Phase; Physical activity; Physiological; Public Health; Randomized; Regulation; Research; Sleep; Supervision; Time; Weight; Weight Gain; attenuation; base; circadian; design; doubly-labeled water; energy balance; exercise intervention; exercise prescription; exercise training; food craving; innovation; insight; intervention effect; novel; obese person; obesity treatment; prevent; primary endpoint; primary outcome; prospective; randomized trial; response; sedentary; success; total energy expenditure; trial comparing

PROJECT SUMMARY & ABSTRACT Does what time of day you exercise matter for weight loss? The objective of this proposal is to determine the effect of an equivalent dose of morning versus evening aerobic exercise on change in body weight, energy intake (EI), and components of energy expenditure (EE) in adults with overweight or obesity. Nearly two-thirds of US adults who attempt to lose weight engage in exercise as a strategy for weight loss. However, weight loss from exercise alone is often substantially less than predicted based on the calories burned in exercise. This is due to compensatory changes that occur in response to exercise (e.g. increases in EI and decreases in non-exercise EE) that limit the energy deficit produced by exercise. Thus, strategies that reduce the compensatory response could enhance the weight loss efficacy of exercise. Preliminary data suggests that morning exercise may limit development of compensation and thus be superior to evening exercise for weight loss. In a secondary data analysis of a 10-month supervised exercise intervention in adults with overweight or obesity, individuals who predominantly exercised in the morning exhibited three-fold greater weight loss compared to individuals who predominantly exercised in the evening, despite equivalent exercise EE and adherence. Further, 81% of morning exercisers achieved ≥5% weight loss, compared to 36% of evening exercisers. There was also evidence of differences in compensation. Despite no intervention on diet, morning exercisers decreased EI across the intervention, while evening exercisers increased EI. Morning exercisers increased total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) proportionately to the EE of exercise, while evening exercisers demonstrated attenuated increases in TDEE. However, these results were from a retrospective analysis in which participants were categorized by the time of day in which they predominantly performed exercise sessions. A rigorously designed randomized trial is needed to confirm these novel findings. In the proposed study, adults with overweight or obesity will be randomized to 7 months of supervised aerobic exercise (2000 kcal/week) performed either in the morning or the evening, and then followed for an additional 6 months. The central hypothesis is that morning exercise will result in greater weight loss as compared to evening exercise due to attenuated development of compensatory changes in EI and EE. The study will compare the effects of morning versus evening exercise on changes in body weight and body composition (Aim 1), changes in EI and appetite (Aim 2), changes in EE, non-exercise physical activity, and sedentary time (Aim 3), and changes in meal timing and sleep (Exploratory Aim 4). The approach is rigorous and innovative as exercise will be prescribed based on EE using indirect calorimetry, free- living TDEE and EI will be measured objectively (doubly-labeled water), and 24-hr patterns of physical activity, sedentary time, meal timing, and sleep will be measured to understand pathways through which exercise timing alters energetics and weight loss. The study is significant as it could identify a practicable strategy to enhance weight loss from exercise and provide insight on how timing of exercise impacts compensatory behaviors.

项目总结与摘要 你一天中的什么时间锻炼对减肥很重要？这项建议的目标是确定 等剂量早晚有氧运动对体重、能量摄入量变化的影响 (Ei)和超重或肥胖者的能量消耗成分(EE)。近三分之二的美国人 试图减肥的成年人将锻炼作为减肥的一种策略。然而，减肥来自于 根据运动中燃烧的卡路里，单是运动本身往往比预期的要少得多。这是由于 因运动而发生的补偿性变化(例如，EI的增加和非运动的减少 限制运动产生的能量不足。因此，减少补偿性反应的策略 可以增强运动的减肥功效。初步数据显示，晨练可能会限制 发展补偿，因此在减肥方面优于晚间锻炼。在辅助数据中 对超重或肥胖的成年人进行为期10个月的监督运动干预的分析 主要在早上锻炼的人的体重减轻是在早上锻炼的人的三倍 主要在晚上锻炼，尽管相当于锻炼EE和坚持锻炼。此外，81%的 晨练的人体重减轻了5%，相比之下，晚间锻炼的人≥减重了36%。也有证据表明 薪酬上的差异。尽管没有对饮食进行干预，晨练者还是降低了全天的EI 干预，而晚间锻炼者增加了Ei。晨练者增加了每天的总能量消耗 (TDEE)与锻炼的EE成比例，而晚间锻炼者表现出减弱的 TDEE。然而，这些结果来自于一项回顾分析，其中参与者按 一天中他们主要进行锻炼的时间。一项严格设计的随机试验是 需要证实这些新发现。在这项拟议的研究中，超重或肥胖的成年人将 随机进行7个月的监督有氧运动(2000千卡/周)，在早上或晚上进行 晚上，然后又随访了6个月。中心假设是晨练会导致 与晚间锻炼相比，由于代偿性发育减弱，体重减轻得更多 Ei和Ee的变化。这项研究将比较早操和晚操对身体健康状况的影响 体重和身体成分(目标1)、EI和食欲的变化(目标2)、EE的变化、非运动 体力活动和久坐时间(目标3)，以及进餐时间和睡眠的变化(探索性目标4)。这个 方法是严谨和创新的，因为练习将基于EE使用间接量热法进行规定，免费- 将客观地测量活的TDEE和EI(双标记水)，以及24小时的体力活动模式， 将测量久坐时间、进餐时间和睡眠时间，以了解锻炼时间安排的途径 改变能量消耗和减肥效果。这项研究意义重大，因为它可以确定一个可行的战略，以加强 通过锻炼减轻体重，并提供关于锻炼时机如何影响补偿行为的见解。