Social Stress Epigenetics and Cardio-Metabolic Health Among Latinos

拉美裔是美国最大的少数民族群体，高血压患病率很高， 糖尿病和肥胖症，在两个童年时期都经历了更高的贫困率和社会压力 与其他种族/民族群体相比，儿童的性别、性别和成人期更高。有广泛的证据表明，经济和 社会压力影响心脏新陈代谢健康的发展。然而，很大程度上还不清楚是如何做到的 这些应激源影响生物过程，特别是在细胞水平上。一种新的评价方法 社会应激源与心脏代谢健康之间关系的可能机制 贯穿整个生命过程的是DNA甲基化(DNaM)。最近，一些小型横断面研究 我发现，紧张的经历可能会改变dNaM，从而提供了一种潜在的机制，通过 社交压力可能会让人感到不安。大多数现有的拉丁裔健康研究都是具体的。 墨西哥血统的拉丁裔。拉丁裔并不是一个同质的群体，而一些拉丁裔的比例更高 对于某些慢性病的风险，其他拉丁裔群体在某些情况下的风险可能较低。检视 哪些因素可能会给一些拉丁裔族群带来风险或保护其他拉丁裔族群是至关重要的 用于制定干预措施并为有关资源分配的决策提供信息。我们建议研究 与dNaM有关的整个生命过程中的社会和经济应激源之间的联系，以及 甲基化改变的速率和心脏代谢健康的变化，使用来自 西班牙裔社区健康研究/拉丁裔研究(HCHS/SOL)。HCHS/SOL研究是一项纵向研究 对代表不同原籍国家的美国拉丁裔的研究，在美国进行。我们建议使用 现有数据来自500名男性和500名女性的分层随机抽样，他们完成了一组广泛的调查 HCHS/SOL社会文化辅助研究中的社会经济和压力措施以及世卫组织提供的 成年后相隔六年的两个不同时间点的血液样本。现有的血液样本将是 检测全基因组dNaM和dNaM年龄。心脏代谢健康标记物(肥胖、糖尿病、 高血压和血脂)也在两个时间点进行了评估。现有数据还包括重复的 评估社会和经济压力来源和社会文化因素(如出生、家庭主义、 文化适应、社会支持)。具体来说，我们将检查1)社会和经济压力来源是否 儿童期和成年期与dNaM年龄的变化和全基因组甲基化有关 6年期；2)社会文化因素是否改变了压力源和压力变化之间的联系 DNaM和3)dNaM是否与6年期间心脏代谢健康的变化有关。 在这个项目完成后，我们的发现将促进对社会和经济如何 应激源形成表观遗传途径，什么因素可以加剧或改善这些途径和 表观遗传学随时间的变化是否会影响心脏代谢健康的变化。

Latinos, the largest ethnic minority group in the United States, have a high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and obesity and also experience higher rates of poverty and social stressors in both childhood and adulthood compared to other racial/ethnic groups. There is extensive evidence that economic and social stressors shape the development of cardiometabolic health. However, it is largely unknown how these stressors affect biological processes, particularly at the cellular level. One novel method to evaluate possible mechanisms underlying the associations between social stressors and cardiometabolic health across the life course is DNA methylation (DNAm). Recently a handful of small cross-sectional studies have found that stressful experiences may alter DNAm, thus providing a potential mechanism by which social stress may get under the skin. Most of the existing health research among Latinos has been specific to Latinos of Mexican origin. Latinos are not a homogenous group and while some Latinos are at greater risk of certain chronic conditions, other Latino groups may be at lower risk for certain conditions. Examining what factors may confer risk to some Latino ethnic groups or protect other Latino ethnic groups is crucial for developing interventions and informing decisions about resource allocation. We propose to examine the association between social and economic stressors, across the life course in relation to DNAm, as well as the rate of change of methylation and changes in cardiometabolic health, using existing data from the Hispanic Community Health Study /Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). The HCHS/SOL study is a longitudinal study of US Latinos, representing varied countries of origin, conducted in the US. We propose to use existing data from a stratified random sample of 500 men and 500 women, who completed an extensive set of socio-economic and stress measures in the HCHS/SOL Sociocultural Ancillary study and who provided blood samples at two different time points six years apart in adulthood. Existing blood samples will be assayed for genome-wide DNAm and DNAm age. Cardiometabolic health markers (obesity, diabetes, hypertension and lipids) have also been assessed at two time points. Existing data also includes repeated assessments of social and economic stressors and socio-cultural factors (i.e., nativity, familism, acculturation, social support). Specifically, we will examine 1) whether social and economic stressors in childhood and adulthood are associated with changes in DNAm age and genome-wide methylation over a 6-year period; 2) whether sociocultural factors modify the association between stressors and changes in DNAm and 3) whether DNAm is associated with changes in cardiometabolic health over a 6-year period. Upon completion of this project, our findings will advance understanding of how social and economic stressors shape epigenetic pathways, what factors may exacerbate or ameliorate these pathways and whether epigenetic changes over time influence cardiometabolic health changes.