Stress-Chemical Interactions and Neurobehavior in School Age Children

项目总结 空气污染会影响认知障碍，如注意力缺陷、多动症和行为问题。 由于儿童的敏感性质，儿童特别容易受到环境暴露的影响 发育，以细胞快速分化为标志的生命阶段。越来越多的关于空气污染的文献显示 对儿童健康、发展和疾病的影响日益多样化。这项研究将进一步增加 通过阐述空气污染对睡眠的主要影响以及CO_2对睡眠的调节作用，对文献进行了比较 暴露在社交压力源之下。具体地说，我们将研究环境空气质量与 以及它对6-7岁儿童睡眠模式的影响。具体目标是：1)确定关联 使用卫星评估出生前PM2.5暴露与儿童夜间睡眠质量和夜间觉醒的关系 遥感PM2.5模型和7天以上手腕佩戴的连续活动记录；2)确定早期生活应激 以负性生活事件、母亲创伤和暴力暴露为指标预测睡眠数量和 并修改产前PM2.5对6-7岁儿童睡眠的影响。通过识别 对于睡眠表型较差的危险因素，我们可以开始针对儿童的毒性影响进行干预 健康。此外，我假设环境空气质量和睡眠可能通过以下方式独立或协同作用 共同的炎症途径，因此更好地理解这种关系可以缓解可修改的 改善儿童健康结果的风险因素。进一步推测，这项拟议的研究将 通过检查儿科医生，为稀少的关于空气质量和儿童睡眠健康的文献做出贡献 环境健康、环境空气质量和潜在应激对睡眠模式的影响 孩子们。肥胖、生长、环境和社会应激源的规划研究(进展) 拟进行纵向出生队列研究，本研究将拓展有关睡眠的文献 和睡眠差异，这一研究空白如果得到解决，有可能减轻儿童的不利影响 睡眠差距对长期健康的影响。

PROJECT SUMMARY Air pollution can impact cognitive disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity and behavioral problems. Children are particularly vulnerable to environmental exposures because of the sensitive nature of child development, a life stage marked by rapid cell differentiation. A growing body of literature on air pollution shows increasingly diverse effects on childhood health, development and disease. This research study will further add to the literature by both addressing the main effect of air pollution on sleep and the modifying effect of co- exposure to social stressors. Specifically, we will examine potential relationships between ambient air quality and its effects on sleep patterns among children, 6-7 years old. Specific Aim are to: 1) Determine the association of prenatal PM2.5 exposure and child sleep quantity and awakening at night assessed at 6-7 years using a satellite remote sensing PM2.5 model and wrist-worn continuous actigraphy over 7 days; 2) Determine if early life stress indexed by negative life events, maternal trauma, and exposure to violence predicts sleep quantity and awakening at night and modifies the impact of prenatal PM2.5 on sleep assessed at age 6-7 years. By identifying risk factors for poorer sleep phenotypes, we can begin to address interventions targeting toxic impacts on child health. Furthermore, I posit that ambient air quality and sleep may work independently or synergistically through a shared inflammatory pathway, and thus a better understanding of this relationship could mitigate modifiable risk factors that improve childhood health outcomes. It is further postulated that this proposed research will contribute to the sparse literature on air quality and sleep health among children by examining pediatric environmental health, ambient air quality and potential stress induced modifying effects on sleep patterns in children. Using the Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) longitudinal birth cohort study to conduct the proposed research, this study will expand the literature on sleep and sleep disparities, a research void that if addressed has the potential to mitigate the adverse impact of child sleep disparities on long term health.