Assessing the impact of The California Alcohol Server Training Act

摘要 约50%的酒后驾车罪犯报告称，他们最后一次喝酒是在当地的一家酒吧或 与酒精有关的机动车撞车和暴力事件发生率较高的社区 酒吧和餐馆等有执照的内部场所的密度更高。各种不同领域的研究 美国各地的地点也一直显示，假醉酒顾客的酒水服务率很高 酒吧。为了解决这些持续存在的公共健康问题，加州颁布了《负责任的饮料》 2017年《服务训练法》，以减少在持照的情况下向醉酒的顾客过度提供酒精- 房舍机构。负责任的饮料服务(RBS)指的是为酗酒者提供服务的步骤 饮料可以减少他们的顾客(或客人)醉酒或不醉酒的可能性 进行干预，以减少随后对赞助人或其他人造成伤害的风险。实现以下目标的主要机制 鼓励负责任的服务一直是对员工或经理的某种形式的培训。通常，这样的培训 包括管理服务行为的法律，酒精对身体的影响，识别酒精的迹象 醉酒，以及拒绝为表现出这些迹象的人服务的策略。有人可能会认为 苏格兰皇家银行培训将是一种有效的预防策略，但评估结果喜忧参半。加利福尼亚州 苏格兰皇家银行培训法案要求从2021年开始对所有酒精服务器进行培训，这给了我们一个难得的机会 更仔细地看看全州范围内的RBS培训计划可能会如何影响服务器行为。建议数 研究将包括对#年实施的全州范围内的强制性苏格兰皇家银行培训法的评估 俄勒冈州，以及一项随机试验，其中一项已知有效的在线苏格兰皇家银行培训计划将 用作“基准”，将对照一组“惯常和习惯”做法进行衡量 为了他们训练的效果。具体目标是：(1)评估强制服务器培训的影响 关于加州与酒精有关的机动车撞车事故；及(2)评估“通常和 在可能性上与已知有效的在线培训(WayToServe)进行比较时 拒绝假顾客；(3)在全州范围内对酒类销售点的业主/经理进行调查， 将有助于确定新服务器培训法的障碍或推动者。这项研究将决定是否 全州范围内的强制令足以减少与酒精有关的机动车撞车事故，无论“通常和 惯例“实践和培训将与苏格兰皇家银行高质量在线培训计划的效果相匹配 改善饮酒行为。

ABSTRACT About 50% of DUI offenders report that the last place they drank an alcoholic beverage was at a local bar or restaurant, and higher rates of alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes and violence occur in communities with higher densities of licensed on-premises establishments such as bars and restaurants. Studies in various locations across the U.S. also consistently show high rates of alcohol service to pseudo-intoxicated patrons at bars. To address these continuing public health problems, California enacted the Responsible Beverage Service Training Act in 2017 to decrease the over-service of alcohol to intoxicated patrons at licensed on- premises establishments. Responsible Beverage Service (RBS) refers to the steps that servers of alcoholic beverages can take to reduce the chances that their patrons (or guests) become intoxicated, or failing that, to intervene so as to reduce the risk of subsequent harm to the patron or others. The primary mechanism to encourage responsible service has been some form of staff or manager training. Typically, such training includes the laws that govern serving behavior, the effects of alcohol on the body, recognizing signs of intoxication, and strategies for refusing service to someone who displays those signs. One might suppose that RBS training would be an effective prevention strategy, but evaluation results have been mixed. The California RBS Training Act mandates training for all alcohol servers beginning in 2021 giving us a rare opportunity to look more closely at how a statewide RBS training initiative might influence server behavior. The proposed research will include a replication of an evaluation of the mandatory statewide RBS training law implemented in Oregon, as well as a randomized trial in which an online RBS training program known to be effective will be used as a “benchmark” against which a comparison group of “usual and customary” practices will be measured for the efficacy of their training. The specific aims are: (1) To evaluate the impact of mandatory server training on alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes in California; and (2) To evaluate the efficacy of “usual and customary” training when compared to an online training known to be effective (WayToServe) on the likelihood of refusals to pseudo-patrons; (3) To conduct a state-wide survey of owners/managers of alcohol outlets that will help identify obstacles or facilitators of the new server training law. This study will determine whether the statewide mandate is sufficient to reduce alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes, whether “usual and customary” practices and training will match the efficacy of a high-quality online RBS training program in improving alcohol serving behavior.