TRD1 - Multimodal Imaging for Spanning Multiple Spatial Scales in the Brain

TRD1 - 跨越大脑多个空间尺度的多模态成像

• 批准号: 10376732
• 负责人: KAMIL UGURBIL
• 金额: $ 27.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2024-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10376732
• 关键词: Animal Model; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Blood Vessels; Blood Volume; Blood capillaries; Blood flow; Body part; Brain; Brain imaging; Cells; Collection; Complement; Contrast Media; Core-Binding Factor; Data; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Electrodes; Electrophysiology (science); Environment; Felis catus; Ferrets; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Funding; Future; Glutamates; Heterogeneity; Human; Image; Individual; Investments; Link; Macaca; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Methodology; Methods; Minnesota; Modeling; Motion; Multimodal Imaging; Nature; Neurons; Noise; Optical Methods; Optics; Photons; Physiologic pulse; Physiological; Process; RF coil; Reporter; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Respiration; Rest; Sampling; Signal Transduction; Source; Spin Labels; Stimulus; Synapses; Techniques; Technology; Time; Translating; Visual system structure; arteriole; awake; base; calcium indicator; computer studies; computerized data processing; connectome; experimental study; hemodynamics; human imaging; image reconstruction; imaging facilities; imaging modality; improved; instrumentation; magnetic field; metabolic imaging; multi-photon; multiphoton imaging; multiphoton microscopy; neuroimaging; neurotransmission; neurovascular; neurovascular coupling; nonhuman primate; programs; response; sensor; spatiotemporal; two-photon; venule

Project Summary/Abstract Brain function is mediated by hierarchical local and long-range circuits organized across multiple spatial scales. Bridging and spanning these scales of organization is essential for understanding brain function and ultimately dysfunction; however, no single existing technology can accomplish this daunting task. Human brain activity and connectivity can be studied with non-invasive magnetic resonance (MR) methods that can cover the entire brain. However, the spatiotemporal resolution and fidelity to neuronal activity is limited because of the intervening neurovascular coupling that is the source of the MR mapping signals. These limitations can be overcome if MR resolutions and fidelity can be improved so as to reduce the heterogeneity of the responses within an MR voxel and, in addition, the MR method is combined with other techniques that simultaneously report on neuronal and/or neurovascular responses, ideally sampling the activity within one or more MR voxels at the single neuron, synapse or vessel level. Besides interrogating the link between neuronal activity and the MR based functional mapping signals, the complementary nature of such a combination of techniques would provide the means for bridging the multiple spatial and temporal scales, going from the cellular and synaptic level to coordinated activity over billions of neurons spanning large parts of the brain, if not the entire brain. This TRD approaches this problem by proposing to develop i) advanced MR methods for imaging brain function and connectivity at unprecedented spatial resolution using very high magnetic fields, ii) combining such MR measurements with simultaneous measurements of multi-photon recordings of neural signals (at single cell and/or synapse level) and corresponding hemodynamic responses at the level of individual arterioles, capillaries and venules, within the environment of an ultrahigh field (UHF) magnet on the same animal and under the same experimental conditions. Because of the invasive nature of the optical methods the combined experiments can only be performed in animal models while the MR techniques to be developed would be applicable to human imaging as well.

项目摘要/摘要 大脑功能是由在多个空间上组织的层次局部和远程电路介导的 秤。桥接和跨越这些组织规模对于理解大脑功能和 最终功能障碍；但是，没有任何现有技术可以完成这项艰巨的任务。人脑 可以使用无创磁共振（MR）方法来研究活动和连通性 整个大脑。然而，由于时空分辨率和对神经元活动的保真度受到限制 中间神经血管耦合是MR映射信号的来源。这些限制可以是 克服MR分辨率和保真度可以改善以减少响应的异质性 在MR Voxel中，此外，MR方法与其他同时的技术合并 关于神经元和/或神经血管反应的报告，理想情况下，在一个或多个MR中取样了活性 在单个神经元中，突触或血管水平。除了询问神经元活动与 基于MR的功能映射信号，这种技术组合的互补性将 提供桥接多个空间和时间尺度的手段，从细胞和突触传播 跨越数十亿个神经元（即使不是整个大脑）的数十亿个神经元的协调活动的水平。 该TRD通过建议开发i）成像大脑的高级MR方法来解决此问题 使用非常高磁场的空间空间分辨率下的功能和连通性，ii）合并 通过同时测量神经信号的多光子记录（在 单细胞和/或突触水平）和相应的血液动力学反应在个体水平上 在超高磁场（UHF）磁铁的环境中，动脉，毛细血管和静脉 动物并在相同的实验条件下。由于光学方法的侵入性 合并实验只能在动物模型中进行，而要开发的MR技术 也适用于人类成像。