Elementary Neuronal Ensembles to Whole Brain Networks: Ultrahigh Resolution Imaging of Function and Connectivity in Humans

基本神经元集合到全脑网络：人类功能和连接性的超高分辨率成像

• 批准号: 10250317
• 负责人: KAMIL UGURBIL
• 金额: $ 162.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-30 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10250317
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Animal Model; Animals; Applications Grants; Area; BRAIN initiative; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cells; Ceramics; Complement; Computer Models; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Databases; Deposition; Development; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Head; Health; Human; Human Activities; Image; Individual; Investigation; Location; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Methods; Minnesota; Neurons; New York; Noise; Pathway Analysis; Perception; Performance; Physiologic pulse; Population; RF coil; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rest; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Structure; Techniques; Technology; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vision; Work; base; bioimaging; connectome; data acquisition; design; design and construction; experience; gray matter; high resolution imaging; image reconstruction; imaging modality; improved; information model; instrumentation; magnetic field; multi-photon; next generation; novel; reconstruction; relating to nervous system; simulation; theories; tractography; white matter; working group

ABSTRACT: The strategic plan of the NIH's BRAIN Initiative (BRAIN 2025: A scientific Vision) calls for transformative technological developments with MRI to achieve “submillimeter spatial resolution descriptions of neuronal activity, functional and structural connectivity, and network analysis in the human brain through advances in instrumentation, data acquisition and analysis techniques”. The primary aim of this grant application is specifically to undertake such technological developments. We plan to usher in the next generation MR instrumentation, and data acquisition and image reconstruction methods in order to reach and span currently unavailable spatial scales in human brain studies, going from neuronal ensembles composed of few thousand neurons to whole brain function and structural connectivity. The focus of the proposed work will be resting state- and task- or stimulus-based functional imaging (fMRI), and diffusion imaging (dMRI) methods for tractography and white-matter microstructure determination. We present a strategy, based on ample preliminary data, to develop and implement unique and novel gradients, B0 shims, RF coils, image acquisition and reconstruction methods, and previously unavailable 10.5 Tesla ultrahigh magnetic field. As a result of the cumulative gains from the proposed technologies, we anticipate an order of magnitude or more reduction in voxel volumes, thus reaching and even exceeding the resolution targets set forth in the BRAIN Initiative strategic plan. Using this new capability, we also plan to generate a publicly available database that will enable the most complete and accurate description of the functional and structural connections among gray matter locations in the human brain to date, and facilitate advanced computational modeling of how information is encoded by neural populations in the human brain. The proposed developments will be carried out by a consortium composed of investigators from the University of Minnesota Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Stanford University Lucas Center for Imaging, Penn State Center for NMR Research, NYU Center for Biomedical Imaging and Oxford University; together they bring to this project unique experience and track record of accomplishments in high resolution functional and diffusion imaging, ultrahigh magnetic field technology and applications, RF pulse and pulse sequence development, multichannel transmit technology, gradient design and construction, manufacturing and use of novel dielectric materials, RF coil design and construction, and image reconstruction and post- processing.

抽象的： NIH 的 BRAIN 计划（BRAIN 2025：科学愿景）战略计划呼吁变革 MRI 技术的发展实现了“神经元的亚毫米空间分辨率描述” 人类大脑的活动、功能和结构连接以及网络分析 仪器、数据采集和分析技术”。本次拨款申请的主要目的是 专门从事此类技术开发。我们计划迎来下一代MR 仪器仪表、数据采集和图像重建方法，以达到和跨越目前 人类大脑研究中无法获得由数千个神经元组成的空间尺度 神经元对整个大脑功能和结构连接的影响。拟议工作的重点将是休息 基于状态和任务或刺激的功能成像 (fMRI) 和扩散成像 (dMRI) 方法 纤维束成像和白质微观结构测定。我们提出一项策略，基于充分的 初步数据，开发和实施独特且新颖的梯度、B0 垫片、射频线圈、图像采集 和重建方法，以及以前无法获得的10.5特斯拉超高磁场。由于 拟议技术的累积收益，我们预计将减少一个数量级或更多 体素量，从而达到甚至超过 BRAIN Initiative 中规定的分辨率目标 战略计划。利用这一新功能，我们还计划生成一个公开可用的数据库，该数据库将支持 对灰质之间功能和结构联系最完整和准确的描述 迄今为止在人脑中的位置，并促进信息如何存在的高级计算建模 由人脑中的神经群编码。 拟议的开发工作将由一个由来自以下国家的研究人员组成的财团进行： 明尼苏达大学磁共振研究中心 (CMRR)、斯坦福大学卢卡斯中心 宾夕法尼亚州立大学核磁共振研究中心、纽约大学生物医学成像中心和牛津大学成像； 他们共同为这个项目带来了独特的经验和高分辨率的成就记录 功能与扩散成像、超高磁场技术与应用、射频脉冲与脉冲 序列开发、多通道传输技术、梯度设计和构建、制造 和新型介电材料的使用、射频线圈的设计和构造、图像重建和后期处理 加工。