Elementary Neuronal Ensembles to Whole Brain Networks: Ultrahigh Resolution Imaging of Function and Connectivity in Humans

基本神经元集合到全脑网络：人类功能和连接性的超高分辨率成像

• 批准号: 10250317
• 负责人: KAMIL UGURBIL
• 金额: $ 162.13万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-30 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10250317
• 关键词: Action Potentials; Animal Model; Animals; Applications Grants; Area; BRAIN initiative; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cells; Ceramics; Complement; Computer Models; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Databases; Deposition; Development; Diffusion; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Head; Health; Human; Human Activities; Image; Individual; Investigation; Location; Magnetic Resonance; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Methods; Minnesota; Neurons; New York; Noise; Pathway Analysis; Perception; Performance; Physiologic pulse; Population; RF coil; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Rest; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Structure; Techniques; Technology; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vision; Work; base; bioimaging; connectome; data acquisition; design; design and construction; experience; gray matter; high resolution imaging; image reconstruction; imaging modality; improved; information model; instrumentation; magnetic field; multi-photon; next generation; novel; reconstruction; relating to nervous system; simulation; theories; tractography; white matter; working group

ABSTRACT: The strategic plan of the NIH's BRAIN Initiative (BRAIN 2025: A scientific Vision) calls for transformative technological developments with MRI to achieve “submillimeter spatial resolution descriptions of neuronal activity, functional and structural connectivity, and network analysis in the human brain through advances in instrumentation, data acquisition and analysis techniques”. The primary aim of this grant application is specifically to undertake such technological developments. We plan to usher in the next generation MR instrumentation, and data acquisition and image reconstruction methods in order to reach and span currently unavailable spatial scales in human brain studies, going from neuronal ensembles composed of few thousand neurons to whole brain function and structural connectivity. The focus of the proposed work will be resting state- and task- or stimulus-based functional imaging (fMRI), and diffusion imaging (dMRI) methods for tractography and white-matter microstructure determination. We present a strategy, based on ample preliminary data, to develop and implement unique and novel gradients, B0 shims, RF coils, image acquisition and reconstruction methods, and previously unavailable 10.5 Tesla ultrahigh magnetic field. As a result of the cumulative gains from the proposed technologies, we anticipate an order of magnitude or more reduction in voxel volumes, thus reaching and even exceeding the resolution targets set forth in the BRAIN Initiative strategic plan. Using this new capability, we also plan to generate a publicly available database that will enable the most complete and accurate description of the functional and structural connections among gray matter locations in the human brain to date, and facilitate advanced computational modeling of how information is encoded by neural populations in the human brain. The proposed developments will be carried out by a consortium composed of investigators from the University of Minnesota Center for Magnetic Resonance Research (CMRR), Stanford University Lucas Center for Imaging, Penn State Center for NMR Research, NYU Center for Biomedical Imaging and Oxford University; together they bring to this project unique experience and track record of accomplishments in high resolution functional and diffusion imaging, ultrahigh magnetic field technology and applications, RF pulse and pulse sequence development, multichannel transmit technology, gradient design and construction, manufacturing and use of novel dielectric materials, RF coil design and construction, and image reconstruction and post- processing.

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