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Reducing Cancer Transcriptional Heterogeneity through Regulation of Chromatin Structure

通过染色质结构的调节减少癌症转录异质性

基本信息

批准号：
10376877
负责人：
Vadim Backman
金额：
$ 60.71万
依托单位：
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-09 至 2024-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10376877
关键词：
Adjuvant Adjuvant Therapy American Animal Model Binding Biomedical Engineering Cancer Etiology Cancerous Cell Culture Techniques Cell Death Cells Cessation of life Chemicals Chemoresistance Chromatin Chromatin Structure Colon Carcinoma Colorectal Cancer Combination Drug Therapy Complex Data Disease Disease remission Drug resistance Engineering Fostering Gene Expression Gene Expression Profile Gene Mutation Genes Genetic Transcription Genome Genomics Goals Heterogeneity Hypoxia Immune system Immunotherapy In Vitro Individual Length Malignant Neoplasms Methodology Methods Modeling Molecular Molecular Biology Multi-Drug Resistance Mutation Pattern Pharmaceutical Preparations Physical environment Play Prognosis Progression-Free Survivals Property Reaction Recurrent tumor Regulation Relapse Research Resistance Resistance development Role Sampling Solid Systems Analysis Technology Testing Therapeutic Time Transcription Process base cancer cell cancer prevention cancer subtypes cancer type carcinogenesis chemical reaction chemotherapy efficacy validation histone modification improved in vivo Model nanoenvironment nanoimaging neoplastic cell novel therapeutics patient derived xenograft model predictive modeling spatiotemporal targeted treatment tool transcriptome tumor tumor heterogeneity tumor xenograft

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Carcinogenesis involves the dysregulation, both mutational and transcriptional, of the complex interactions of hundreds of genes. Currently no platform allows for the predictable transcriptional modulation of this many genes simultaneously. Gene transcription is modulated by a number of mechanisms including the well-studied histone modification and genome compartmentalization mechanisms as well as the still insufficiently understood role of the complex physical nanoenvironment within chromatin. Since transcriptional molecular interactions are chemical reactions, they depend on the local physical environment within the chromatin which, in turn, depends on the physical pattern of chromatin folding at supra-nucleosomal length scales. The overarching goal of this project is to develop new tools to modulate the chromatin nanoenvironment for whole- scale transcriptional engineering for cancer prevention and therapeutics. Transcriptional diversity plays a major role in carcinogenesis by allowing cancer cells to explore their genomic space and has been shown to foster the emergence of resistance to chemotherapy in cancer cells. The project will leverage the methods of bioengineering to develop new tools to physico-chemically regulate chromatin structure toward a normalized, constrained, and less-adaptive state. The project will identify physico-chemical mechanisms that can be targeted to reduce transcriptional heterogeneity and validate the efficacy of the chromatin folding-normalization in patient- derived xenograft (PDX) tumor models of colon cancer as an adjuvant therapy for alleviating chemoresistance through the reduction of the transcriptional heterogeneity of tumors.

项目总结癌变涉及复杂相互作用的突变和转录失调。成百上千个基因。目前，还没有一个平台允许对这么多基因同时存在。基因转录受到许多机制的调节，包括研究得很好的组蛋白修饰和基因组区划机制以及仍存在的不足了解染色质中复杂的物理纳米环境的作用。因为转录分子相互作用是化学反应，它们取决于染色质内的局部物理环境这反过来又取决于核小体以上长度尺度上染色质折叠的物理模式。这个这个项目的首要目标是开发新的工具来调节整个染色质纳米环境- 癌症预防和治疗的大规模转录工程。转录多样性起到了通过允许癌细胞探索它们的基因组空间而在癌症发生中发挥重要作用，并已被证明促进癌细胞对化疗产生抗药性。该项目将利用以下方法生物工程，以开发新的工具，以物理化学方式调节染色质结构，受约束且适应性较差的状态。该项目将确定可以作为目标的物理化学机制。为了减少转录异质性并验证染色质折叠标准化在患者中的有效性- 来源异种移植(PDX)结肠癌模型作为缓解化疗耐药的辅助治疗通过降低肿瘤的转录异质性。