Beyond faces: Widening the lens on developmental prosopagnosia

超越面孔：扩大对发育性面容失认症的认识

• 批准号: 10413841
• 负责人: BRADLEY C DUCHAINE
• 金额: $ 49.12万
• 依托单位: DARTMOUTH COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10413841
• 关键词: Address; Affect; American; Area; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Brain Injuries; Categories; Characteristics; Classification; Cognitive; Color; Complement; Conceptions; Development; Disease; Exhibits; Face; Face Processing; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Health; Heterogeneity; Impairment; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Link; Measures; Memory; Mission; Motion; Neurobiology; Outcome; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Population; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Sampling; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Visual; Visual impairment; Voice; Work; base; behavior measurement; behavior test; brain abnormalities; developmental prosopagnosia; disability burden; expectation; innovation; lens; neuroimaging; novel; receptive field; relating to nervous system; response; social

Project Summary Individuals with developmental prosopagnosia (DPs) have deficits with facial identity recognition in the absence of brain damage, low-level visual impairments, and intellectual difficulties. These deficits have a significant effect on the health and well-being of an estimated six million Americans, yet NIH currently funds only one project focused on developmental prosopagnosia (DP). The objective of the proposed project is to deepen our understanding of DP by identifying and investigating other deficits associated with it. The central hypotheses guiding this proposal are 1) developmental visual recognition deficits often co-occur, and 2) deficits with a particular category result from abnormalities in brain areas that respond preferentially to that category. The rationale for the project is that identifying deficits associated with DP will transform our understanding of the developmental and computational factors that cause DP and will provide a path to account for the different types of DP that exist. These hypotheses will be tested by pursuing the following specific aims. For Aim 1A, a large sample of DPs (n = 300) will be compared to controls with behavioral tests assessing the processing of faces, scenes, bodies, objects, words, biological motion, voices, color, and number. This approach will be complemented by Aim 1B, in which selectivity, population receptive fields, and effective connectivity of brain areas that respond preferentially to the categories assessed in Aim 1A will be compared in controls and a subset of the DPs (n = 60). It is predicted that both behavioral and neural measures will reveal broad deficits in the DPs and that the behavioral deficits will be linked with neural abnormalities. To address Aim 2A, performance on tasks measuring different aspects of scene processing will be contrasted in DPs with scene processing deficits (n = 30), DPs with normal scene processing (n = 30), and controls. For Aim 2B, selectivity, population receptive fields, and multivariate classification accuracy in scene areas and effective connectivity between scene areas will be used to identify neural differences between the three groups. The working hypothesis for Aim 2 is that DPs with scene deficits will exhibit reduced performance with many or all scene tasks, and their functional responses in and connectivity betweeen scene areas will be abnormal. Execution of this project will result in: 1) identification of behavioral deficits and neural abnormalities associated with DP, and 2) determination of the behavioral and neural characteristics of two types of DP distinguished by scene processing. This project is innovative, because it will be the first systematic investigation of non-face processing in DP and it will demonstrate how to account for DP heterogeneity. In addition, the work will utilize a novel two-step research process: online behavioral testing with the largest sample of DPs ever tested, followed by neuroimaging with DPs who have particular behavioral profiles. The proposed project is significant, because DP is a serious social handicap and this project will lead to a new conception of DP and other visual recognition deficits that emphasizes co-occurring conditions and factors with broad effects.

项目摘要 患有发育性面容失认症（DP）的个体在面部识别方面存在缺陷， 没有脑损伤，轻度视力障碍和智力障碍。这些赤字有一个 对估计600万美国人的健康和福祉产生重大影响，但NIH目前资助 只有一个项目集中在发展性面孔失认症（DP）。拟议项目的目标是 通过识别和调查与DP相关的其他缺陷，加深我们对DP的理解。 指导这一建议的假设是：1）发育性视觉识别缺陷通常同时发生，以及2）缺陷 其中特定类别是由大脑区域的异常引起的，该区域优先响应该类别。 该项目的基本原理是，确定与DP相关的赤字将改变我们对 发展和计算因素，导致DP，并将提供一个路径，以考虑不同的 现有的DP类型。这些假设将通过追求以下具体目标来检验。目标1A，a 将大样本的DP（n = 300）与对照组进行比较，采用行为测试评估 面孔、场景、身体、物体、文字、生物运动、声音、颜色和数字。这种方法将是 补充目标1B，其中选择性，群体感受野和大脑的有效连接 优先响应目标1A中评估的类别的区域将在对照组和对照组中进行比较。 DP的子集（n = 60）。据预测，行为和神经措施将揭示广泛的赤字， 而行为缺陷将与神经异常有关。为了实现目标2A， 测量场景处理的不同方面的任务的性能将在DP与场景中进行对比 处理缺陷（n = 30），具有正常场景处理的DP（n = 30）和对照。对于目标2B，选择性， 群体感受野，以及场景区域中的多变量分类精度和有效连通性 将用于识别三组之间的神经差异。工作 目标2假设是，具有场景缺陷的DP将在许多或所有场景中表现出降低的性能 任务，以及他们在场景区域内的功能反应和场景区域之间的连接将异常。执行 该项目将导致：1）识别与DP相关的行为缺陷和神经异常， （2）两种不同类型DP的行为和神经特征的测定 处理.这个项目是创新的，因为它将是第一个系统的调查非面子 它将演示如何解释DP的异质性。此外，该工作将利用一个 新颖的两步研究过程：在线行为测试，有史以来测试的最大样本的DP，其次是 通过对有特定行为特征的DP进行神经成像。该项目意义重大，因为 DP是一种严重的社会障碍，该项目将导致DP和其他视觉障碍的新概念 强调具有广泛影响的共同发生的条件和因素的识别缺陷。