Bilateral integration of the auditory scene

听觉场景的双边整合

• 批准号: 10446226
• 负责人: CHARLES C LEE
• 金额: $ 36.16万
• 依托单位: LOUISIANA STATE UNIV A&M COL BATON ROUGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10446226
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Affect; Aging; Auditory; Auditory system; Behavior; Bilateral; Binaural; Binding; Brain; Brain Stem; Cells; Central Auditory Processing Disorder; Complement; Contralateral; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Ear; Equilibrium; Esthesia; Failure; Future; Glutamates; Goals; Health; Hearing problem; Impaired cognition; Impairment; In Vitro; Inferior; Inferior Colliculus; Injections; Investigation; Ipsilateral; Knowledge; Language Disorders; Lasers; Lead; Light; Link; Longevity; Medial geniculate body; Mediating; Methods; Midbrain structure; Mission; Modernization; Mus; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroanatomy; Neurons; Outcome; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Physiological; Population; Presbycusis; Preventive measure; Process; Productivity; Property; Public Health; Quality of life; Research; Role; Scanning; Scheme; Signal Transduction; Slice; Societies; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Synapses; System; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Intervention; Tinnitus; Tracer; Trauma; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; auditory pathway; auditory processing; auditory stimulus; auditory thalamus; behavioral impairment; cell type; diagnostic strategy; experience; experimental study; improved; in vivo; information processing; innovation; neural circuit; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; normal hearing; optogenetics; prevent; prospective; relating to nervous system; response; sound; source localization; therapeutic target

ABSTRACT The auditory system is posed with answering a challenging question: Does sound arriving at each ear originate from a single source or multiple sources? To accomplish this perceptual feat, central auditory neural circuits must accurately assess the spectral and temporal profile of bilateral sound signals to bind and integrate related acoustic objects. Failure of this bilateral integrative process can account for many of the perceptual and behavioral impairments that accompany auditory disorders, such as tinnitus, presbycusis and central auditory processing disorders, which most of the population will experience over the lifespan. Surprisingly, the neural mechanisms that enable this bilateral integration of acoustic information remain largely unknown, but likely depend on an intricate balance of excitatory and inhibitory connections that link the two halves of the auditory brain. Although commissural pathways have been well studied in auditory brainstem centers, much less is known about the functional organization of commissural circuitry in higher centers of the auditory brain. Thus, the long- term goals of our research are to understand the functional organization of the commissural pathways in the processing of bilateral auditory information. Our primary objective here is to test a largely overlooked, yet substantial, commissural auditory projection system, i.e. the pathway from the inferior colliculus to the contralateral medial geniculate body. Our central hypothesis is that the medial geniculate body integrates functionally and topographically aligned inputs from both the ipsilateral and contralateral inferior colliculi at a cell- type specific level. Further, we hypothesize that the disruption of such bilateral tectothalamic convergence results in deficits to the spectral and temporal processing of acoustic information in the medial geniculate body, which contributes to disorders of the central auditory system. We will test our hypotheses by assessing: 1) the functional neuroanatomy and 2) the neurophysiological impact of these contralateral tectothalamic pathways on auditory processing, by employing modern, cell-type specific neuroanatomical and neurophysiological approaches. As such, these studies are innovative since they address the unknown and unexplored functional organization of the contralateral auditory tectothalamic pathways. Finally, the proposed experiments are significant since they are expected to reveal mechanistic features of auditory processing that will have a positive impact for neural diagnostics and treatments for central auditory impairments.

抽象的 听觉系统提出了一个充满挑战的问题：每只耳朵的声音是否源于 来自单一来源还是多个来源？为了完成这一感知壮举，中央听觉神经电路 必须准确评估双侧声音信号的光谱和时间谱，以结合和整合相关 声学对象。这种双边综合过程的失败可以解释许多感知和 伴随听觉障碍的行为障碍，例如耳鸣，长期和中央听觉 处理障碍，大多数人群都会在整个生命周期内经历。令人惊讶的是，神经 能够使声学信息的双边整合的机制在很大程度上尚不清楚，但可能 取决于连接听觉两半的兴奋性和抑制性连接的复杂平衡 脑。尽管在听觉脑干中心已经对合理途径进行了很好的研究，但已知的知之甚少 关于在听觉大脑较高中心的合理电路的功能组织。因此，长期 我们研究的术语目标是了解合理途径的功能组织 处理双边听觉信息。我们这里的主要目标是测试一个很大程度上被忽略的 实质性的，合理的听觉投影系统，即从下山脉到 对侧内侧遗传体。我们的核心假设是内侧遗传体整合 在功能和地形上，来自同侧和对侧下丘的输入 类型特定级别。此外，我们假设这种双边构造构成收敛的破坏 导致内侧基体中声学信息的光谱和时间处理不足， 这导致了中央听觉系统的疾病。我们将通过评估来检验我们的假设：1） 功能性神经解剖学和2）这些对侧构造途径对神经生理的影响 听觉处理，采用现代的细胞类型特异性神经解剖学和神经生理学 方法。因此，这些研究是创新的，因为它们解决了未知且未探索的功能 对侧听觉构件途径的组织。最后，提出的实验是 由于期望它们会揭示听觉处理的机理特征，因此具有积极的态度 对中央听觉障碍的神经诊断和治疗的影响。