Bilateral integration of the auditory scene

听觉场景的双边整合

• 批准号: 10446226
• 负责人: CHARLES C LEE
• 金额: $ 36.16万
• 依托单位: LOUISIANA STATE UNIV A&M COL BATON ROUGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10446226
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Affect; Aging; Auditory; Auditory system; Behavior; Bilateral; Binaural; Binding; Brain; Brain Stem; Cells; Central Auditory Processing Disorder; Complement; Contralateral; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Ear; Equilibrium; Esthesia; Failure; Future; Glutamates; Goals; Health; Hearing problem; Impaired cognition; Impairment; In Vitro; Inferior; Inferior Colliculus; Injections; Investigation; Ipsilateral; Knowledge; Language Disorders; Lasers; Lead; Light; Link; Longevity; Medial geniculate body; Mediating; Methods; Midbrain structure; Mission; Modernization; Mus; Nerve Degeneration; Neuroanatomy; Neurons; Outcome; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Physiological; Population; Presbycusis; Preventive measure; Process; Productivity; Property; Public Health; Quality of life; Research; Role; Scanning; Scheme; Signal Transduction; Slice; Societies; Source; Stimulus; Structure; Synapses; System; Techniques; Testing; Therapeutic; Therapeutic Intervention; Tinnitus; Tracer; Trauma; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; auditory pathway; auditory processing; auditory stimulus; auditory thalamus; behavioral impairment; cell type; diagnostic strategy; experience; experimental study; improved; in vivo; information processing; innovation; neural circuit; neuromechanism; neurophysiology; normal hearing; optogenetics; prevent; prospective; relating to nervous system; response; sound; source localization; therapeutic target

ABSTRACT The auditory system is posed with answering a challenging question: Does sound arriving at each ear originate from a single source or multiple sources? To accomplish this perceptual feat, central auditory neural circuits must accurately assess the spectral and temporal profile of bilateral sound signals to bind and integrate related acoustic objects. Failure of this bilateral integrative process can account for many of the perceptual and behavioral impairments that accompany auditory disorders, such as tinnitus, presbycusis and central auditory processing disorders, which most of the population will experience over the lifespan. Surprisingly, the neural mechanisms that enable this bilateral integration of acoustic information remain largely unknown, but likely depend on an intricate balance of excitatory and inhibitory connections that link the two halves of the auditory brain. Although commissural pathways have been well studied in auditory brainstem centers, much less is known about the functional organization of commissural circuitry in higher centers of the auditory brain. Thus, the long- term goals of our research are to understand the functional organization of the commissural pathways in the processing of bilateral auditory information. Our primary objective here is to test a largely overlooked, yet substantial, commissural auditory projection system, i.e. the pathway from the inferior colliculus to the contralateral medial geniculate body. Our central hypothesis is that the medial geniculate body integrates functionally and topographically aligned inputs from both the ipsilateral and contralateral inferior colliculi at a cell- type specific level. Further, we hypothesize that the disruption of such bilateral tectothalamic convergence results in deficits to the spectral and temporal processing of acoustic information in the medial geniculate body, which contributes to disorders of the central auditory system. We will test our hypotheses by assessing: 1) the functional neuroanatomy and 2) the neurophysiological impact of these contralateral tectothalamic pathways on auditory processing, by employing modern, cell-type specific neuroanatomical and neurophysiological approaches. As such, these studies are innovative since they address the unknown and unexplored functional organization of the contralateral auditory tectothalamic pathways. Finally, the proposed experiments are significant since they are expected to reveal mechanistic features of auditory processing that will have a positive impact for neural diagnostics and treatments for central auditory impairments.

摘要 听觉系统面临着回答一个具有挑战性的问题：到达每只耳朵的声音是否起源于 一个来源还是多个来源？为了完成这一感知壮举，中央听觉神经回路 必须准确地评估双边声音信号的频谱和时间轮廓，以结合和整合相关的 声学对象。这种双边整合过程的失败可以解释许多知觉和 伴随听觉障碍的行为障碍，如耳鸣、老年性耳聋和中枢性听觉障碍 处理障碍，大多数人在一生中都会经历。令人惊讶的是， 使这种声学信息的双边整合的机制在很大程度上仍然未知，但可能 依赖于兴奋性和抑制性连接的复杂平衡，这些连接连接着听觉的两个半球。 个脑袋虽然连合通路已经在听觉脑干中枢得到了很好的研究，但知之甚少 关于听觉大脑高级中枢连合回路的功能组织。因此，长期以来， 我们研究的长期目标是了解连合通路的功能组织， 双侧听觉信息的处理。我们的主要目标是测试一个很大程度上被忽视的， 实质性的，连合听觉投射系统，即从下丘到 对侧内侧膝状体。我们的中心假设是内侧膝状体整合了 在一个细胞上，来自同侧和对侧下丘的功能和地形学上对齐的输入， 类型特定级别。此外，我们假设这种双侧顶盖丘脑会聚的破坏 导致内侧膝状体中声学信息的频谱和时间处理的缺陷， 这会导致中枢听觉系统的紊乱。我们将通过评估来测试我们的假设：1） 功能性神经解剖学和2）这些对侧顶盖丘脑通路的神经生理学影响， 听觉处理，通过采用现代的，细胞类型特异性神经解剖学和神经生理学 接近。因此，这些研究是创新的，因为它们解决了未知和未探索的功能 对侧听觉顶盖丘脑通路的组织。最后，建议的实验是 重要的是，因为它们预计将揭示听觉处理的机械特征，这将对听觉系统的发展产生积极的影响。 对中枢听觉障碍的神经诊断和治疗的影响。