2/2-GEOHealth Health Effects of Selected Environmental Exposomes Across the Life CourSe (HEALS)-US

项目总结/摘要 环境暴露是世界各国疾病和过早死亡的主要原因。 空气污染尤其令人担忧，因为它会促进慢性心脏代谢疾病，并可能引发急性 心脏事件在快速城市化的印度，估计每年有167万人死于空气污染。 污染，使其成为近18%的总死亡和11.5%的总残疾调整生命年的因素。而 空气污染和健康状况不佳之间的联系越来越清楚，我们需要更多地了解空气污染的组成部分， 空气污染相互作用，并与其他因素的麻烦，如热，影响健康。 在工业和交通造成污染以及气候变化造成污染地方， 前所未有的热浪我们还需要确定空气污染暴露的敏感年龄 尤其有害。儿童在高度敏感时会经历关键的发展窗口期 暴露。当空气污染和热量水平上升时，老年人更有可能发生心脏事件。 此外，不同年龄、性别、职业和社会经济地位的人接触的情况也不同。到 为了应对这一复杂局面，印度需要受过环境卫生培训的专家进行研究， 建议有效的政策，以减轻空气污染的影响，并保护那些最容易受到其影响的人。 在这个题为“2/2-选定的环境暴露体对健康的影响”的拟议项目中， Across the Life Course（HEALS）-US，“我们的多学科研究人员团队，导师和教师来自 哈佛T. H.陈冯富珍公共卫生学院（HSPH）和慢性病控制中心（CCDC）将 在我们最初的GEOHealth项目中，学员和导师开发了模型， 估计印度城市环境PM2.5水平，并量化空气污染暴露与 心脏代谢疾病和死亡。此外，三名学生获得了HSPH的硕士学位 其中一人获得了公共卫生博士学位（DrPH）。拟议的项目将侧重于培训早期职业教师 和研究人员和最近的博士后在设计一项研究，写了一个建议，并进行 对与研究目标有关的主题进行研究，以确定最麻烦的群体的特征， 容易受到空气污染的影响。另外两名DrPH学生也将接受培训。该项目将由 来自HSPH的Sieber博士和Schwartz博士以及CCDC的Prabhakaran博士和公共卫生的Reddy博士 印度基金会，将得到以下方面的协助：1）行政监督委员会; 2）培训监督 委员会; 3）HSPH和CCDC的计划协调人员;以及4）监督团队， 对个别学员的监督。根据相关U 01进行的研究的证据将直接告知 印度政府机构和政策制定者就如何减少空气污染暴露和如何保护 最脆弱的群体，以减少随之而来的疾病负担。印度科学家培训计划 将建设能力，以申请未来的资金，并充分了解和解决这一环境威胁。

Project Summary/Abstract Environmental exposures are major contributors to illness and premature death in countries around the world. Air pollution is especially concerning as it promotes chronic cardiometabolic disease and can trigger acute cardiac events. In rapidly urbanizing India, an estimated 1.67 million deaths per year are attributed to air pollution, making it a factor in nearly 18% of total deaths and 11.5% of total disability adjusted life years. While the link between air pollution and ill health is becoming clearer, we need to learn more how the components of air pollution interact with each other and with other elements of the exposome such as heat, to affect health This is especially important in LMIC cities, where industry and traffic generate pollution and climate change is causing unprecedented heat waves. We also need to identify sensitive ages where air pollution exposure can be particularly detrimental. Children pass through critical windows of development when they are highly sensitive to exposures. Older adults are more likely to experience cardiac events when air pollution and heat levels rise. In addition, exposures differ for people of different ages, gender, occupations, and socioeconomic status. To address this complex situation, India needs experts trained in environmental health to carry out research and recommend effective policies to mitigate air pollution exposure and protect those most vulnerable to its effects. In this proposed project, entitled, “2/2-GEOHealth Health Effects of Selected Environmental Exposomes Across the Life CourSe (HEALS)-US,” our multidisciplinary team of researchers, mentors and faculty from the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (HSPH) and the Centre for Chronic Disease Control (CCDC) will build on knowledge gained in our original GEOHealth project in which trainees and mentors developed models to estimate levels of ambient PM2.5 in Indian cities and quantified the links between air pollution exposure and cardiometabolic disease and death in Delhi. In addition, three students earned master’s degrees from HSPH and one earned a Doctor of Public Health (DrPH). The proposed project will focus on training early career faculty and researchers and recent post-docs in designing a research study, writing up a proposal, and carrying out research on topics related to the research aims of characterizing the exposome and identifying groups most vulnerable to the effects of air pollution. Two additional DrPH students will also be trained. The project will be led by Dr.Sieber and Dr.Schwartz from HSPH and by Dr. Prabhakaran of CCDC and Dr. Reddy of the Public Health Foundation of India who will be assisted by the: 1) Administrative Oversight Committee; 2) Training Oversight Committee; 3) Program coordination personnel at HSPH and CCDC; and 4) Supervisory teams to provide oversight for individual trainees. Evidence from the research conducted under the linked U01 will directly inform Indian government agencies and policy makers on how to reduce air pollution exposures and how to protect the most vulnerable groups to reduce the consequent burden of disease. The proposed training of Indian scientists will build capacity to apply for future funding and to fully understand and address this environmental threat.