Air Pollution and HealthGeoHealth Hub Research and Capacity Building

空气污染与健康地球健康中心研究和能力建设

基本信息

批准号：
9762998
负责人：
Dorairaj Prabhakaran
金额：
$ 30万
依托单位：
CENTRE FOR CHRONIC DISEASE CONTROL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-28 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9762998
关键词：
Address Air Pollution Area Asia Blood Carbon Cardiovascular Diseases Cause of Death Cessation of life Characteristics Chronic Cities Cohort Studies Complex Country DNA Methylation Data Developed Countries Developing Countries Diet Disease Dose Educational Curriculum Educational Status Environment Environmental Exposure Environmental Health Epidemiology Epigenetic Process Exposure to Faculty Foundations Funding Future Generations Goals Government Agencies Health Health Professional Home environment Household Household Air Pollution Human Resources Income India Individual Inequality Institution Intermediate Variables Intervention Joints Knowledge Laboratories Lead Link Lung diseases Malignant Neoplasms Measurement Measures Mediating Mediation Mediator of activation protein Mentors Morbidity - disease rate Nitrates Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Occupational Occupational Exposure Occupational Health Occupational Status Occupations Outcome Ozone Physical activity Policies Policy Maker Pollution Population Predisposition Public Health Public Health Applications Research Public Health Education Public Health Schools Research Research Activity Research Methodology Research Personnel Research Support Research Training Risk Factors Risk Reduction Role Scanning Scientist Socioeconomic Status Statistical Methods Strategic Planning Subgroup Temperature Training Training Programs Training Support Translating Unspecified or Sulfate Ion Sulfates Urbanization Vitamin D Work base built environment burden of illness cardiometabolic risk cardiometabolism cardiovascular health disability-adjusted life years epigenome fine particles improved infrastructure development low and middle-income countries methylation pattern multidisciplinary pollutant predictive modeling programs public health relevance response rural area spatiotemporal surveillance study years of life lost

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant Environmental exposures are major causes of death and morbidity globally, and both outdoor and household air pollution are increasingly recognized as major contributors to years of life lost and disability-adjusted life years (DALY). Rapid urbanization In India has resulted in some of the world's worst air pollution, which contributes to the deaths of more than 620,000 Indians annually. Despite the known health effects of indoor and outdoor pollution, data are lacking on the dose-response relationship between exposures and specific causes of death and intermediate variables such as cardiometabolic factors in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India. Generation of data on the unique characteristics of environmental exposures in LMICs is urgently needed in order to mitigate the health effects. Not only is there a need to understand more about exposures in LMICs, but there is also a need to improve training of environmental health professionals who can translate this information into interventions to decrease exposure and improve health. The number of public health professionals in India is 1-2 orders of magnitude less than the estimated need, and the situation is particularly dire in the areas of environmental and occupational health. A sustained effort to increase the number of public health professionals with both deep training in environmental and occupational research methods and broad training in these areas as part of MPH or diploma degrees is urgently needed in India. In this proposed project, entitled "Air Pollution and Health GeoHealth Hub Research and Capacity Building-US," we have assembled a multidisciplinary group of researchers, mentors and program faculty from the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) and Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI) to generate data needed to address the unique characteristics of exposures in India and to build the capacity of public health professionals in India to conduct high quality research and knowledge that can be translated into policy improvements. The training program will include a robust platform of short, medium, and long-range training components, including: Master's level training at HSPH, an intensive summer training and mentored research program, curriculum that will support the institution of an environmental health concentration in PHFI's existing Master's level training, and support for PHFI faculty involved in the U01 to complete mentored research activities at HSPH. The project will be led by Dr.Cash and Dr.Schwartz from HSPH and by Dr. Prabhakaran and Dr. Reddy from PHFI, who will be assisted by the: 1) Administrative Oversight Committee; 2) Training Oversight Committee; 3) Program coordination personnel at HSPH and PHFI; and 4) Supervisory teams to provide oversight for individual trainees. Evidence from the research conducted under the linked U01 will directly inform Indian government agencies and policy makers on how to reduce air pollution levels in order to reduce the consequent burden of disease. The proposed training of PHFI scientists will give build capacity to apply for future funding and fully understand and address this environmental threat.

描述（由适用的环境暴露提供的是全球死亡和发病率的主要原因，并且越来越多地认为户外和家庭空气污染是丧生多年的主要贡献者和残疾调节的生活年（DALY）。印度的快速城市化导致了世界上一些最糟糕的空气污染，这导致了最大的空气污染，这导致了这一造成每年有62万印度人死亡。尽管室内和室外污染具有已知的健康影响，但仍缺乏对暴露与死亡的特定原因与中间变量（例如低收入和中等收入国家（例如印度）（例如印度）的心脏代谢因素（例如心脏代谢因素）之间的剂量反应关系，例如印度。为了减轻健康影响，迫切需要生成LMIC中环境暴露的独特特征的数据。不仅有必要更多地了解LMIC中的暴露，而且还需要改善对环境卫生专业人员的培训，他们可以将这些信息转化为干预措施，以减少暴露和改善健康。印度的公共卫生专业人员的数量比估计需求少1-2个数量级，在环境和职业健康领域，情况尤为严峻。在印度迫切需要，在印度迫切需要，在这些领域进行深入的环境和职业研究方法培训以及在这些领域进行广泛培训的持续努力是印度需要在这些领域的一部分。在这个拟议的项目中，我们已经组建了一个多学科的研究人员，导师和计划教师组成的“空气污染和健康地卫生中心研究和能力建设”，哈佛大学公共卫生学院（HSPH）（HSPH）和印度公共卫生基金会（PHFI）（PHFI）为印度提供良好的公共健康特征，以构建公共健康的独特特征，以构建印度的独特特征，以解决印度的独特特征，并改进。该培训计划将包括一个强大的短，中和长时间培训组件的平台，包括：HSPH的Master's Level培训，一项强化的夏季培训和修改研究计划，课程，该课程将支持PHFI现有的Master级培训中环境健康集中度的机构，并支持参与U01涉及的PHFI教师，以完成U01涉及HSPH的U01。该项目将由HSPH的Cash博士和Schwartz博士和Prabhakaran博士和PHFI的Reddy博士领导，后者将得到：1）行政监督委员会的协助； 2）培训监督委员会； 3）HSPH和PHFI的计划协调人； 4）监督团队为个别受训者提供监督。根据链接的U01进行的研究的证据将直接告知印度政府机构和决策者如何降低空气污染水平以减少随后的疾病燃烧。拟议的对PHFI科学家的培训将赋予申请未来资金的能力，并充分理解和应对这种环境威胁。