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The Development of Individual Differences in Adolescent Brain Structure and Risk

青少年大脑结构和风险的个体差异的发展

基本信息

批准号：
10596162
负责人：
JOHN Horace GILMORE
金额：
$ 67.11万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10596162
关键词：
10 year old 12 year old 16 year old 4 year old 8 year old Adolescence Adolescent Age Anxiety Attention Behavior Behavior assessment Behavioral Biological Markers Birth Brain Child Childhood Cognitive Cohort Studies Data Development Diffusion Early Intervention Early identification Enrollment Environmental Risk Factor Functional Imaging Goals Human Image Individual Individual Differences Intervention Knowledge Life Longitudinal Studies Machine Learning Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mental disorders Modeling Morphology National Institute of Mental Health Neurocognitive Outcome Pattern Phenotype Predictive Value Puberty Reporting Research Research Domain Criteria Rest Risk Risk Reduction Severity of illness Source Structure Testing adolescent brain development behavior prediction behavioral outcome brain abnormalities cohort connectome disorder risk early adolescence early childhood early detection biomarkers executive function imaging biomarker improved individual variation infancy innovation postnatal period prenatal prevent risk mitigation sex social white matter

项目摘要

Abstract Individual differences in brain structure, including cortical morphology and the white matter connectome are associated with risk for psychiatric disorders. The first year of life is a period of rapid and dynamic structural and functional brain development and new data from our cohort suggests that a large portion of individual differences in brain structure in 10 and 12 year olds is already present in the first year or two of life. Early adolescence and puberty is the second major period of postnatal brain development, characterized by dynamic structural and functional brain maturation and reorganization, and emerging risk for psychiatric disorders, though it is not known how this period of development contributes to individual differences in brain structure and risk. The UNC Early Brain Development Study is a unique and innovative longitudinal study that has followed children, enrolled prenatally, with imaging and cognitive/behavioral assessments at birth, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 years. 482 children from this cohort are now reaching adolescence, and we propose to follow these children at 12, 14 and 16 years of age. MRIs, including structural, diffusion tensor, and resting state functional imaging, will be performed. Cognitive and behavioral development will be assessed, with a focus on the phenotypes of executive function, attention, and anxiety, consistent with RDoC constructs important for psychiatric disorder risk. We will determine how adolescent brain development contributes to individual differences in relation to early childhood development and whether the white matter connectome is a useful early imaging biomarker. Knowledge gained in this study will improve our basic understanding of human brain development, and ultimately inform early intervention strategies that prevent or mitigate risk and illness severity. Relevance New knowledge gained in this study will provide a dramatically improved framework for understanding childhood brain development and its relationship to cognitive and behavioral outcomes in adolescence, and to risk for subsequent psychiatric disorders.

摘要大脑结构的个体差异，包括皮质形态和白色物质连接体与精神疾病的风险有关。生命的第一年是快速和动态的大脑结构和功能发育以及来自我们队列的新数据这表明，10岁和12岁奥尔兹大脑结构的很大一部分个体差异是由于在生命的头一两年就已经存在了。青春期早期和青春期是第二大出生后的大脑发育时期，以大脑的动态结构和功能为特征成熟和重组，以及出现精神疾病的风险，尽管尚不清楚这一发展阶段如何影响大脑结构和风险的个体差异。早期大脑发育研究是一项独特而创新的纵向研究，对产前登记的儿童进行随访，在出生时进行成像和认知/行为评估， 1、2、4、6、8和10年。482名来自这一队列的儿童现在进入青春期，我们建议在这些儿童12岁、14岁和16岁时对其进行跟踪。MRI，包括结构、扩散张量和静息状态功能成像。认知和行为将评估发育，重点是执行功能，注意力，和焦虑，这与RDoC对精神障碍风险的重要性结构一致。我们将确定青少年大脑发育如何有助于个体差异，儿童早期发育和白色物质连接体是否是有用的早期成像生物标记物。这项研究获得的知识将提高我们对人脑的基本认识发展，并最终为预防或减轻风险的早期干预战略提供信息，疾病严重性。相关性这项研究中获得的新知识将为以下方面提供一个大大改进的框架：了解儿童大脑发育及其与认知和行为的关系青春期的结果，以及随后精神疾病的风险。