NEGATIVE COGNITION DEPRESSION--ETIOLOGY AND COURSE

这一修订后的竞争延续是一个两个网站的合作的一部分， 研究补助金与同等补助金（预算/人事除外） Lauren B博士同时提交的申请。寺庙合金 大学名称相同。 需要继续提供资金， 网站完成项目。 先前的研究并没有提供一个足够的测试绝望 理论（HT）和贝克的抑郁症理论（BT），可能是非常 误导了这些认知理论的有效性 调查人员 没有意识到各种方法的影响， 理论中规定的因果关系（例如，素质压力， 异质性），这些理论假设存在一个， 到目前为止，尚未确定的抑郁症亚型-“消极认知”， 抑郁症”（NCD）。 因此，本次合作的总体目标 项目是提供一个更强大的测试HT'和BT的预测 关于NCD的人种学和这种亚型的验证。 为此，进行了一项为期2年的大规模前瞻性研究，旨在测试 HT和BT的病因学假说正在这两个地点进行。 目前，有352名原本没有抑郁症、没有精神病理学的学生， 在面试评估中处于高或低认知风险， 应激性生活事件、认知和精神状态/症状 为了预测发作和随后的复发/复发， 萧条 在下一部分中，将对该样本进行3次跟踪 当S从青春期后期过渡到 成年 这种持续的随访将允许进行HT和BT测试 在青春期后期、成年早期和过渡期， 在这两个发展阶段之间。 的延续与变化 认知方式和随之而来的易患抑郁症的变化将 接受检查。 认知障碍的家庭和发展起源 也将研究易患抑郁症的情况。 学生家长会 被招募进行终身精神病理学评估，认知 风格和父母反馈风格。 这些研究将有助于：1）科学地理解 情绪障碍子集的行为学，2）更有效的疾病分类学， 抑郁症，3）对起源的理解， 抑郁症认知脆弱性的连续性/变化，以及4） 制定治疗和预防非传染性疾病及其他疾病的干预措施 抑郁症

This revised competing continuation is part of a 2-site collaborative research grant with an identical (except for budget/personnel) application submitted concurrently by Dr. Lauren B. Alloy of Temple University under the same title. Continued funding is required at both sites to complete the project. Prior research does not provide an adequate test of the hopelessness theory (HT) and Beck's theory (BT) of depression and may be very misleading about these cognitive theories' validity. Investigators have failed to appreciate the methodological implications of the kinds of causal relations specified in the theories (e.g., diathesis-stress, heterogeneity) and that these theories hypothesize the existence of an, as yet, unidentified subtype of depression- "negative cognition depression" (NCD). Thus, the overarching goal of this collaborative project is to provide a more powerful test of HT' and BT's predictions about the ethiology of NCD and a validation of this subtype. To this end, a large scale, 2-year prospective study designed to test the etiological hypotheses of HT and BT is underway at both sites. Currently, 352 originally non-depressed, non-psychopathological Ss who are at either high or low cognitive risk for interview assessments of stressful life events, cognition, and psychiatric status/symptoms in order to predict onsets and subsequent relapses/recurrences of depression. In the continuation, this sample will be followed for 3 additional years as the Ss make the transition from late adolescence to adulthood. This continued follow-up will allow for a test of HT and BT during late adolescence, early adulthood, and the transition period between these two developmental periods. The continuity and change of cognitive style and attendant change in vulnerability to depression will be examined. Familial and developmental origins of cognitive vulnerability to depression also will be examined. Parents of Ss will be recruited for an assessment of lifetime psychopathology, cognitive style, and parental feedback style. These studies will contribute to: 1) the scientific understanding of the ethology of a subset of the mood disorders, 2) a more valid nosology of the depressive disorders, 3) an understanding of the origins and continuity/change of cognitive vulnerability to depression, and 4) the development of intervention for treating and preventing NCD and other depressions.