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CHROMOSOMAL TELOMERES IN DROSOPHILA

果蝇的染色体端粒

基本信息

批准号：
2444655
负责人：
ROBERT W LEVIS
金额：
$ 21.33万
依托单位：
SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1987-04-01 至 2000-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, called telomeres, perform several vital functions. One function is self-maintenance; because loss of DNA from the terminus is inherent in replication, this loss must be counterbalanced by addition of telomeric DNA to the terminus. The long- term goal of the research proposed here is to understand the structure of Drosophila telomeres, how they are maintained, and how they function. It appears that Drosophila telomeres are maintained by a novel mechanism involving the occasional transposition to the terminus of specialized families of non-LTR retrotransposons. Non-LTR retrotransposons, also called LINEs, are a class of mobile elements which is ubiquitous among metazoans and has been implicated in causing mutations in man. Two families of telomere-associated LINEs, HeT-A and TART, have been found in Drosophila. A long-term objective of this project is to determine the basis for the unusual transpositional specificity of these elements. One specific aim proposed in this application is to show that HeT-A and TART elements are at the termini of Drosophila chromosomes by identifying terminal DNA fragments hybridizing with DNA probes for these elements. A second aim is to survey the number, DNA sequence organization, and chromosomal locations of TART elements in D. melanogaster and other Drosophila species. This will be accomplished by genomic Southern blot analysis, in situ hybridization, and DNA cloning. A third aim is to characterize the expression of TART in D. melanogaster. The transcription unit and promoter will be mapped. The tissues and developmental stages in which the transcription and translation products of TART accumulate will also be determined. The fourth aim is to reintroduce a cloned TART element into the germline of D. melanogaster and show that it will transpose to a telomere. This would provide an in vivo transposition assay for future in vitro mutagenesis experiments.

真核生物染色体的末端，称为端粒，执行几个重要功能。一种功能是自我维持；因为DNA的丢失从末端复制是固有的，这种损失必须是通过将端粒DNA添加到末端来平衡。长的- 在这里提出的研究的术语目标是理解结构果蝇端粒，它们是如何维持的，它们是如何发挥作用的。它果蝇的端粒似乎是由一种新的机制维持的偶尔涉及到专门化的非LTR反转录转座子家族。非LTR反转录转座子称为线路，是一类普遍存在于后生动物，并已被牵连在导致人类突变。二端粒相关品系HET-A和START的家族已在果蝇。这个项目的一个长期目标是确定这些元件具有不同寻常的转位特异性的基础。一本申请中提出的具体目标是显示HET-A和START 分子位于果蝇染色体的末端，通过鉴定末端DNA片段与这些元素的DNA探针杂交。一个第二个目标是调查数字，DNA序列组织，以及黑腹金丝猴等的尖酸分子的染色体定位果蝇物种。这将通过基因组Southern杂交来完成分析、原位杂交和DNA克隆。第三个目标是研究了START在黑腹金丝猴中的表达。抄写单位和启动子将被绘制出来。白纹伊蚊的组织和发育阶段 TART的转录和翻译产品积累的将也要有决心。第四个目标是重新引入克隆的TART元件并表明它将转座为一种端粒。这将为未来的体内转座试验提供一种新的方法体外诱变实验。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Drosophila melanogaster does not share the telomeric repeat sequence of another invertebrate, Ascaris lumbricoides.

黑腹果蝇不具有另一种无脊椎动物蛔虫的端粒重复序列。

DOI：
10.1007/bf00277145
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
Molecular & general genetics : MGG
影响因子：
0
作者：
Levis,RW
通讯作者：
Levis,RW

HeT-A, a transposable element specifically involved in "healing" broken chromosome ends in Drosophila melanogaster.

HeT-A，一种转座元件，专门参与“修复”黑腹果蝇断裂的染色体末端。

DOI：
10.1128/mcb.12.9.3910-3918.1992
发表时间：
1992
期刊：
Molecular and cellular biology
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Biessmann,H;Valgeirsdottir,K;Lofsky,A;Chin,C;Ginther,B;Levis,RW;Pardue,ML
通讯作者：
Pardue,ML

Transposition of the LINE-like retrotransposon TART to Drosophila chromosome termini.

将 LINE 样逆转录转座子 TART 转座至果蝇染色体末端。

DOI：
10.1073/pnas.91.26.12510
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Sheen,FM;Levis,RW
通讯作者：
Levis,RW

Identification of multiple transcription initiation, polyadenylation, and splice sites in the Drosophila melanogaster TART family of telomeric retrotransposons.