CNS DEFICITS--INTERACTION OF AGE AND ALCOHOLISM

中枢神经系统缺陷——年龄和酗酒的相互作用

• 批准号: 2732430
• 负责人: Adolf Pfefferbaum
• 金额: $ 58.88万
• 依托单位: SRI INTERNATIONAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-05-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2732430
• 关键词: aging; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; auditory stimulus; brain disorders; brain electrical activity; clinical research; drug withdrawal; evoked potentials; female; functional magnetic resonance imaging; gender difference; human subject; interhemispheric transfer; longitudinal human study; magnetic resonance imaging; male; memory; neuropsychology; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION: We propose to continue using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neuropsychological (NP), and event-related potential (ERP) testing to extend and refine our findings of CNS deficits associated with chronic alcoholism and aging. Our MRI studies of alcoholic man reveal volume loss in cortical gray and white matter, corpus callosum, hippocampus, and mammillary bodies and enlargement of cortical sulci and lateral and third ventricles. Older alcoholic men have gray matter volume deficits particularly striking in the prefrontal cortex. Electrophysiologically, the latency of P300, a physiological index of cognitive speed, is prolonged in alcoholic men with an exaggerated prolongation in older alcoholics; further, P300 latency and indices of tissue loss are significantly associated in alcoholics. Neuropsychologically, alcoholic men show deficits in executive abilities, short-term memory, fluency, and visuospatial abilities and especially severe deficits in balance. Our longitudinal studies demonstrate recovery of gray matter volume with abstinence and further reduction of white matter volume with continued drinking. For this competitive renewal, we propose the following studies: Study 1: fMRI experiments of localized brain activation during performance of auditory and visual working memory tasks. This study is designed to determine whether alcoholics show a pattern of cortical activation during working memory that is different from that observed in controls, and whether underlying structural deficits influence the pattern of fMRI activation. Study 2: Visual ERP and NP experiments of interhemispheric transfer time designed to assess the functional significance of corpus callosal thinning. Study 3: Continuation of our ongoing longitudinal study of alcoholic and control women. This study is designed to identify cross-sectional patterns of sparing and loss, their interaction with age and their comparability to findings in alcoholic men. Cross-sectional findings will be examined longitudinally to determine their interaction with alcohol consumption and the normal course of aging and to assess the extent to which deficits normalize with sobriety or are exacerbated with continued drinking. Study 4: A new longitudinal study in a new sample of older alcoholic men and women and their controls in order to extend, with refined anatomical and new functional measures, earlier findings.

描述：我们建议继续使用磁共振成像 (MRI)、神经心理学（NP）和事件相关电位（ERP）测试 为了扩展和完善我们的发现，中枢神经系统缺陷与慢性 酗酒和衰老 我们对酗酒男性的核磁共振研究显示 皮质灰质和白色物质、胼胝体、海马体和 乳头体和皮质沟扩大，外侧和第三 心室 老年酗酒者有灰质体积缺陷 尤其是在前额叶皮层。 电生理学上，P300潜伏期，一个生理指标， 认知速度，在酗酒的男性中延长， 延长老年酗酒者;此外，P300潜伏期和指数， 组织损失与酗酒者密切相关。 从神经心理学上讲，酗酒的男人表现出执行能力的缺陷， 短期记忆，流畅性和视觉空间能力，特别是 严重的赤字平衡。 我们的纵向研究表明 灰质体积与禁欲和进一步减少白色 量与持续饮酒有关。 对于这种竞争性更新，我们建议进行以下研究：研究1： 功能磁共振成像实验中的局部脑激活过程中的性能 听觉和视觉工作记忆任务。 本研究旨在 确定酗酒者是否表现出大脑皮层激活的模式， 工作记忆与对照组不同， 潜在的结构缺陷是否会影响功能磁共振成像的模式 activation. 研究二：大脑半球间视觉ERP和NP实验 迁移时间设计用于评估语料库的功能意义 胼胝体变薄 研究3：继续我们正在进行的纵向研究 研究对象为酗酒女性和对照组女性。 这项研究旨在确定 保留和损失的横截面模式，它们与年龄的相互作用 以及他们与酗酒男性研究结果的可比性。 横截面 研究结果将进行纵向检查，以确定它们的相互作用 与酒精消费和正常的衰老过程，并评估 在多大程度上，赤字正常化与清醒或加剧， 继续喝酒。 研究4：一项新的纵向研究， 老年酗酒的男女和他们的控制，以延长， 精细的解剖学和新的功能测量，早期的发现。