HEALTH PROMOTION FOR WOMEN WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES

描述（改编自申请人的描述）：健康的概念 在妇女身体残疾方面， 进入健康促进领域。 这个项目的目的 是制定一项干预措施，以提高妇女的健康与身体 基于扩展的理论模型和措施的残疾 健康促进行为，适应一些独特的生活， 这是这群人所经历的。 Findings from the 调查人员最近完成的全国调查表明， 身体残疾的妇女人口面临更高的风险， (1)某些急性和慢性疾病，（2）获得预防性治疗的机会有限 健康服务，（3）消极的社会态度，他们的潜力， 健身和健康，以及（4）减少影响健康的动机因素 促进行为，如自尊，自我效能和身体形象。 因此，迫切需要发展健康促进 方案拟订应满足妇女的需要， 功能限制和一个附带的研究协议，以衡量 这种规划的有效性。 这项研究的具体目标是： (1)确定心理、生理、社会和环境因素 这有助于促进身体健康妇女的健康， 残疾。 (2)制定和测试测量健康的方法 促进身体残疾妇女的行为和态度 来改善这些行为。 (3)开发和试点测试 采取干预措施，告知和激励身体残疾妇女 采取行动，改善他们的心理、社会和身体健康。 （四） 开发和试点测试一个理论驱动的，多组件的程序，以促进 身体残疾妇女的健康， 与健康促进行为相关的自我效能感。 拟议研究 将基于跨理论模型，该模型确定了五个阶段 个人改变既定行为的意愿： (1)（2）预先考虑，（3）准备，（4）行动， (5)上维护 为了实现本研究的目的，研究人员 将开始与定性焦点小组和个人访谈， 了解身体残疾的女性如何定义健康和实践 健康促进行为。 在下一阶段，他们将使用定量 方法学，以建立一个基线的自觉健康状况，健康 促进行为，以及400名女性样本的变化阶段， 身体残疾的范围和严重程度。 然后，它们将发展 一个激励性的干预，包括一个通讯，一个健康的热 线，一个按需传真服务，以及万维网上的主页， 为可能处于早期阶段的妇女提供信息并鼓励她们采取行动 或者认为他们的残疾阻碍了他们参与 健康促进活动。 在最后阶段，调查人员希望 开发和测试健康行动小组计划的可行性， 将侧重于个性化的目标设定，同伴支持，并加强 追求更健康生活的自我效能。

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from Applicant's Description): The concept of wellness in the context of physical disability among women has only recently been introduced into the field of health promotion. The purpose of this project is to develop an intervention to enhance wellness among women with physical disabilities that is based on expanded theoretical models and measures of health promoting behaviors that accommodate some of the unique life circum-stances experienced by this population. Findings from the investigators' recently completed national survey indicate that segments of the population of women with physical disabilities are at higher risk for (1) certain acute and chronic conditions, (2) limited access to preventive health services, (3) negative social attitudes toward their potential for fitness and wellness, and (4) reduced motivational factors affecting health promotion behaviors, such as self-esteem, self-efficacy, and body image. Thus, there is a pressing need for the development of health promotion programming that is responsive to the needs of women with significant functional limitations and an accompanying research protocol to measure the effectiveness of such programming. The specific aims of this study are to: (1) Identify the psychological, physical, social, and environmental factors that contribute to health promoting behav-iors of women with physical disabilities. (2) Develop and test methods for measuring the health promoting behaviors of women with physical disabilities and their attitudes toward improving those behaviors. (3) Develop and pilot test an intervention to inform and motivate women with physical disabilities to take action to improve their psychological, social, and physical health. (4) Develop and pilot test a theory-driven, multi-component program to promote wellness among women with physical disabilities that targets increased self-efficacy related to health promoting behaviors. The proposed research will be grounded in the Transtheoretical Model which identifies five stages that characterize an individual's willingness to change a given behavior: (1) precontemplation, (2) contemplation, (3) preparation, (4) action, and (5) maintenance. To accomplish the aims of this study, the investigators will begin with qualitative focus groups and individual interviews to understand how women with physical disabilities define wellness and practice health promoting behaviors. In the next phase, they will use quantitative methodolo-gy to establish a baseline for the perceived health status, health promoting behaviors, and stage of change of a sample of 400 women with a range of physical disabilities and severity levels. They will then develop a motiva-tional intervention consisting of a newsletter, a wellness hot line, a fax-on-demand service, and a home page on the World Wide Web, to offer information and encourage action for women who may be in early stages of change or believe that their disability prevents them from engaging in health promoting activi-ties. In the final phase, the investigators wish to develop and test the feasibility of a wellness action group program that will focus on individual-ized goal setting, peer support, and enhanced self-efficacy for pursuing healthier living.