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Non-state humanitarianism: From Colonialism to Human Rights

非国家人道主义：从殖民主义到人权

基本信息

批准号：
AH/K002805/1
负责人：
Matthew Hilton
金额：
$ 2.73万
依托单位：
University of Birmingham
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FK002805%2F1
关键词：
Non state humanitarianism Colonialism Human

项目摘要

From the actions of nineteenth century missionaries and colonial officials to the recent food crisis in the Sahel region of West Africa, non-state humanitarianism has become one of the defining characteristics of international action. But how can humanitarian aid draw on its history to respond to current challenges and present-day norms? The 'Non-state humanitarianism' network investigates humanitarianism's past and the uses of that past in a pan-European framework, while combining it with alternative perspectives of humanitarianism from the global South.The network connects two emerging strands of historical inquiry - from the academic world and from within the humanitarian sector - in a spirit of conversation and collaboration, to examine these questions in a transnational historical context. Building on the firm belief that history's focus on causality and long-term processes of change is indispensible for appreciating the complex dynamics of socio-cultural change, the network contributes a deeper understanding of modern humanitarianism. It provides an historical complement to the wealth of available analyses - internal and external - of the contemporary humanitarian environment. Its broad spectrum of participants - from network partners in the Overseas Development Institute (ODI) and the University of Manchester Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute (HCRI) - ensures that the network and its outputs harness the variety of existing historical approaches to humanitarianism. To achieve its goals, the network brings together participants from across the UK and Europe in a series of virtual discussion groups (via the network website, Twitter feed and email list) and two-day workshops. The network's online activities include the generation of research questions and thematic clusters; the pre-workshop circulation of papers; and on-going discussion before, between, and after the workshops. The involvement of postgraduate and early career researchers - in the form of an online research database, short presentations at the workshops and opportunities for conversation and collaboration with NGOs - will contribute to the sustainability of the network and its outputs.The first of the workshops, at the University of Birmingham in early 2013, centres on the question of methodologies: how we approach - and should approach - the history of non-state humanitarianism. The second workshop, at University College Dublin in April 2013, explores sources and uses for humanitarian history in a discussion about archival best practice and the value of these archives for NGOs and historians.The third workshop, at ZZF Potsdam in September 2013, focuses on the co-production of a research framework for the study of non-state humanitarianism. Its aim is not only to create a coherent, collaborative approach to the subject, but also to ensure that its practical relevance and impact are embedded from the outset. The final workshop, a joint meeting (facilitated by web conferencing facilities) between participants at the TATA Institute of Social Science, Mumbai and at the HCRI in December 2013, emphasises approaches to humanitarianism from the global South. It provides an opportunity for network participants to review and revise the research framework to take account of the global (South and North) experience of non-state humanitarianism.The findings of this final workshop will inform an article outlining a clear research agenda for humanitarian history, to be published in a major peer-reviewed research journal. They will help frame another of the network's outputs: an edited volume of papers based on selected workshop presentations. And they will provide a strong foundation for the network's activities beyond the funding period: as a platform for future transnational conversation, discussion, and collaborative research, and as the basis for stronger ties between the academic and practical worlds of the NGO sector.

从19世纪传教士和殖民官员的行动到最近西非萨赫勒地区的粮食危机，非国家人道主义已成为国际行动的主要特征之一。但是，人道主义援助如何利用其历史来应对当前的挑战和当今的规范？“非国家人道主义”网络在泛欧洲的框架内调查人道主义的过去和过去的用途，同时将其与来自全球南方的人道主义的不同观点相结合。该网络本着对话和合作的精神，将来自学术界和人道主义部门的两股新兴的历史调查联系在一起，在跨国历史背景下审查这些问题。基于这样一种坚定的信念，即历史对因果关系和长期变化过程的关注对于欣赏社会文化变化的复杂动态是不可或缺的，该网络有助于加深对现代人道主义的理解。它从历史上补充了对当代人道主义环境进行的丰富的内部和外部分析。其广泛的参与者--来自海外发展研究所和曼彻斯特大学人道主义和冲突应对研究所的网络合作伙伴--确保该网络及其产出利用各种现有的人道主义历史做法。为了实现其目标，该网络将来自英国和欧洲各地的参与者聚集在一起，参加一系列虚拟讨论小组(通过网络网站、Twitter订阅和电子邮件列表)和为期两天的研讨会。该网络的在线活动包括产生研究问题和专题组；讲习班前分发论文；以及讲习班之前、讲习班之间和讲习班之后正在进行的讨论。研究生和职业早期研究人员的参与--通过在线研究数据库、讲习班上的简短介绍以及与非政府组织对话和合作的机会--将有助于该网络及其成果的可持续性。2013年初在伯明翰大学举办的第一期讲习班集中讨论了方法论问题：我们如何对待--以及应该--对待非国家人道主义历史。2013年4月在都柏林大学学院举办的第二次讲习班探讨了人道主义历史的来源和用途，讨论了档案最佳做法以及这些档案对非政府组织和历史学家的价值。第三次讲习班于2013年9月在ZZF波茨坦举办，重点是共同编制非国家人道主义研究框架。其目的不仅是为这一主题创造一个连贯、协作的办法，而且也是为了确保从一开始就具有实际的相关性和影响。最后一期讲习班是2013年12月在孟买塔塔社会科学研究所和人权研究所与会者之间举行的一次联合会议(由网络会议设施促成)，重点是全球南方的人道主义方法。它为网络参与者提供了一个机会，以审查和修订研究框架，以考虑到全球(南方和北方)非国家人道主义的经验。最后一次讲习班的结果将成为一篇文章，概述人道主义历史的明确研究议程，并将在一份主要的同行审查研究期刊上发表。它们将帮助制定网络的另一项产出：根据选定的研讨会演示文稿编辑的论文卷。它们将为该网络在资助期后的活动提供坚实的基础：作为未来跨国对话、讨论和合作研究的平台，并作为加强非政府组织部门学术界和实践界之间联系的基础。