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A global history of Irish Revolution, 1916-1923

爱尔兰革命的全球史，1916-1923

基本信息

批准号：
AH/P00914X/1
负责人：
Fearghal McGarry
金额：
$ 70.92万
依托单位：
Queen's University Belfast
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=AH%2FP00914X%2F1
关键词：
global history Irish Revolution 1916

项目摘要

Our project proposes a global history of Irish nationalism focusing on the 1916-23 revolutionary period. The aim is to integrate two sophisticated but separate historiographical fields - centring on the Irish revolution and on Irish migration - to develop a more inclusive framework which will incorporate the diaspora and other external pressures into the mainstream narrative. The key methodology is provided by a transnational approach which will investigate how interactions across national boundaries shaped Ireland's revolution. By investigating the relationship between revolution in the nation-state, diasporic nationalism, and other external pressures during an era of rapid international change, this research will contribute to a wider understanding of nationalism as a global force.The project comprises two interlocking research strands. The first focuses on the impact of transnational influences on the revolution within Ireland. The second is concerned with analysing the significance of Irish nationalism beyond Ireland. Both address the same overarching question: to what extent must revolutionary change be understood within a global, transnational as well as a nation-state framework?The research context is framed by the dominance of nation-centred historiographical approaches, reflecting a widespread tendency to regard the nation-state as the natural unit of analysis. Although gaining ground elsewhere, transnational approaches have had little impact on Irish historiography despite the importance of external factors on Ireland. For example, despite acknowledging the impact of Irish America on Irish politics, histories of Irish nationalism such as Richard English's influential Irish Freedom (2003) largely overlook diasporic influences. Similarly, studies of diasporic nationalism rarely analyse its impact on Ireland. As a result, key themes are often debated in insular terms. For example, nation-centred analyses of the Irish revolution can result in the imposition of arbitrary geographical boundaries and neglect of comparative dimensions and external pressures. Local studies, the dominant approach since the ground-breaking research of David Fitzpatrick (1977), provide a sophisticated anatomy of the revolution's impact on Irish society but a limited means of assessing the significance of factors which transcend the nation-state. They shed little light on how the destabilising impact of the First World War, the emergence of self-determination as the principal source of political legitimacy, and the establishment of new republics across Europe heightened political expectations in Ireland. There is therefore a compelling rationale for looking to Ireland as a case study of the global character of nationalism. As a small country with a large diaspora, forming part of a multinational state and global empire, Ireland was highly susceptible to transnational influences. The well-documented nature of the Irish revolution, its small scale, and the sophistication of the literature on Irish nationalism and the Irish diaspora also point to its potential as a broader case study.This approach will also contribute to wider British historiography. Although British historians generally emphasise how the UK avoided the First World War's destabilising fallout, the parallels between experiences in the Irish part of the British state and central/eastern Europe where imperial power gave way to democratisation, self-determination and ethnic nationalism are evident. A wider framework will allow for comparative analysis across the 'shatter zones' of empire (Wilson, 2010). Ultimately, our project aims to demonstrate how revolutions represent much broader political moments in global history, without losing sight of the distinctive aspects of national histories. More radically, it will question the assumption - implicit in most historians' work - that nation-centred models provide the best means of understanding the causes of political change.

我们的项目提出了爱尔兰民族主义的全球历史，重点是1916年至1923年的革命时期。其目的是整合两个复杂但独立的史学领域——以爱尔兰革命和爱尔兰移民为中心——以建立一个更具包容性的框架，将流散和其他外部压力纳入主流叙事。关键方法是由跨国方法提供的，该方法将调查跨越国界的互动如何影响爱尔兰的革命。通过调查民族国家革命、流散的民族主义和快速国际变化时代的其他外部压力之间的关系，本研究将有助于更广泛地理解民族主义作为一种全球力量。该项目包括两个相互关联的研究方向。第一部分侧重于跨国影响对爱尔兰国内革命的影响。第二部分是分析爱尔兰民族主义在爱尔兰以外的意义。两者都提出了同样的首要问题：在多大程度上，革命性的变化必须在全球、跨国以及民族国家的框架内被理解？研究背景是由以民族为中心的史学方法主导的，反映了将民族国家视为分析的自然单位的普遍趋势。尽管在其他地方取得了进展，但跨国方法对爱尔兰史学的影响很小，尽管外部因素对爱尔兰很重要。例如，尽管承认爱尔兰裔美国人对爱尔兰政治的影响，但爱尔兰民族主义的历史，如理查德·英格利希（Richard English）颇具影响力的《爱尔兰自由》（2003），在很大程度上忽视了侨民的影响。同样，对流散民族主义的研究也很少分析其对爱尔兰的影响。因此，关键主题的辩论往往是狭隘的。例如，对爱尔兰革命的以国家为中心的分析可能导致强加任意的地理边界，忽视比较维度和外部压力。自大卫·菲茨帕特里克（David Fitzpatrick, 1977）的开创性研究以来，本地研究一直是主流研究方法，它为革命对爱尔兰社会的影响提供了一个复杂的剖析，但在评估超越民族国家的因素的重要性方面手段有限。他们没有说明第一次世界大战的不稳定影响，作为政治合法性主要来源的自决的出现，以及欧洲各地新共和国的建立如何提高了爱尔兰的政治期望。因此，将爱尔兰作为研究民族主义全球特征的一个案例，有着令人信服的理由。作为一个拥有大量侨民的小国，构成了一个多民族国家和全球帝国的一部分，爱尔兰非常容易受到跨国影响。爱尔兰革命有充分的文献记录，规模小，以及关于爱尔兰民族主义和爱尔兰侨民的文献的复杂性，也表明它有可能成为一个更广泛的案例研究。这种方法也将有助于更广泛的英国史学。尽管英国历史学家通常强调英国如何避免了第一次世界大战的不稳定后果，但英国的爱尔兰部分与帝国权力让位给民主化、自决和种族民族主义的中欧/东欧的经历之间的相似之处是显而易见的。一个更广泛的框架将允许在帝国的“破碎区”之间进行比较分析（Wilson, 2010）。最终，我们的项目旨在展示革命如何在全球历史上代表更广泛的政治时刻，而不会忽视国家历史的独特方面。更激进的是，它将质疑大多数历史学家作品中隐含的假设，即以国家为中心的模型提供了理解政治变革原因的最佳手段。