APPLICATION OF SCATTERING MATRIX METHODS IN VIROLOGY

散射矩阵方法在病毒学中的应用

• 批准号: 3133995
• 负责人: WILLIAM M MC CLAIN
• 金额: $ 16.13万
• 依托单位: WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1985-09-15 至 1991-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3133995
• 关键词: computer simulation; computers; image processing; lasers; light scattering; mathematical model; model design /development; optical polarization; photomultiplier; tobacco mosaic virus; virus characteristic

Elastic light scattering possesses several polarization properties that may be used follow the state of a virus in aqueous suspension, including such processes as assembly or disassembly, interaction with immune system agents, and interaction with synthetic drug molecules. These experiments fall into an area of optics known as "measurement of ?? Muller scattering matrix". The Muller matrix contains 16 independent quantities which may be measured as a function of scattering angle, so the data from these experiments comprises 16 curves of varying shape. For viruses and larger particles, these curves contain many distinctive features that are partially interpretable in terms of a priority model calculations, and which may be even more interpretable after correlation with electron microscopy. Measurement of the Muller matrix is a delicate experiment, and reliable published results are lagging behind theory at this point. We propose to build a Muller instrument, based on a new principle which we have recently worked out in detail. We shall use a Zeeman-effect laser as a polarization-modulated light source, together with crystal polarization optics of the highest quality, and extensive automatic correction of data for imperfections in alignment and degree of retardation. Virus samples will be drawn through the scattering region by electrophoretic mobility, providing simultaneously purification and also a degree of control over partial orientation, which doubles the amount of information that can be obtained. We shall extend our theoretical work along several lines: (i) Increase the number of subunits our modeling program can handle, to probe the properties of the transition region between granular models and continuous material. This will involve supercomputer calculations. (ii) Extend Muller matrix theory to include the dynamic perties that result in quasi-elastic light scattering. This should result in a theory which will allow measurement of certain gross mechanical properties of a virus particle, such as its response to shear forces in the liquid that supports it. (iii) Extend our analytic orientation averaging method to include partially oriented virus ensembles, as might be seen in electrophoretically moving samples. (iv) Treat the scattering of partially oriented viruses trapped near the focus of a laser beam, as a function of laser polarization.

弹性光散射具有多种偏振特性 可以根据病毒在水悬浮液中的状态使用， 包括组装或拆卸、交互等过程 与免疫系统药物的相互作用，以及与合成药物的相互作用 分子。 这些实验属于光学领域，称为 “测量??穆勒散射矩阵”。 穆勒矩阵 包含 16 个独立量，可以作为 散射角的函数，因此这些实验的数据 包括 16 条形状各异的曲线。 对于病毒和更大的病毒 粒子，这些曲线包含许多独特的特征 部分可以根据优先级模型计算进行解释， 与相关后可能会更容易解释 电子显微镜。 Muller 矩阵的测量是一项精密的实验，并且 目前已发表的可靠结果落后于理论。 我们建议根据新原理构建穆勒仪器 我们最近已经详细制定了​​这一点。 我们将使用一个 塞曼效应激光器作为偏振调制光源， 结合最高品质的晶体偏振光学器件， 并对数据中的缺陷进行广泛的自动修正 对准和延迟程度。 将抽取病毒样本 通过电泳迁移率穿过散射区域， 同时提供净化和一定程度的控制 超过部分方向，使信息量加倍 可以得到。 我们将沿着几个方向扩展我们的理论工作：（i） 增加我们的建模程序可以处理的子单元数量， 探测颗粒之间过渡区域的特性 模型和连续材料。 这将涉及超级计算机 计算。 (ii) 扩展穆勒矩阵理论以包括 导致准弹性光散射的动态特性。 这应该会产生一个理论，允许测量 病毒颗粒的某些总体机械特性，例如 它对支撑它的液体中的剪切力的响应。 (三) 扩展我们的分析方向平均方法以包括 部分定向的病毒集合体，如中所示 电泳移动样品。 (iv) 处理散射 部分定向的病毒被困在激光束焦点附近， 作为激光偏振的函数。