权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Single molecule DNA sequencing in gold.

金中的单分子 DNA 测序。

基本信息

批准号：
BB/I023720/1
负责人：
Tracy Melvin
金额：
$ 15.03万
依托单位：
University of Southampton
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2011 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FI023720%2F1
关键词：
Single molecule DNA sequencing gold.

项目摘要

The human genome contains 3164.7 million nucleic acid bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine) and it is estimated that the length of all the DNA strands in a single cell (if all the strands were placed end to end) is about two metres. The human genome sequence was completed at the start of the millennium; this resulted in significant public and scientific interest in understanding the DNA sequence 'code' and how it is 'translated'. The sequence of the genome provides information about our ancestry, hereditary diseases, our features (such as eye, skin or hair colour) and our physiological 'make-up'. In order to truly understand the genome sequence it would be desirable to have simpler DNA sequencing methods so that many more genomes could be sequenced. Currently, methods require expensive reagents, are laborious and take a long time. Despite the fact that the human genome was sequenced a decade ago and better DNA sequencing methods have been since developed, a simple, cheap, fast, accurate DNA sequencing method is still an important goal. In our view, what is needed is a small scale technology, something that works like a hard disk drive, where a tiny read head is scanned past the stored information (the DNA strand) and the information (the sequence) is read directly without need for any complex processing of the genomic DNA molecule. We propose to flow DNA molecules through a nanopore that will act as a 'read head' and detect and identify the nucleic acids in the DNA sequence by their response to laser excitation. Identifying the DNA base sequence in this way will be highly ac curate, and capable of detecting damage or modification to particular bases from environmental or cellular processes which can control the switching on and off of genes. DNA sequencing techniques are crucial to obtain a better understand of all organisms, not just humans, and a fast, cheap DNA sequencing method will be able to answer many more questions as well as also provide a diagnostic tool. These studies will provide proof of concept data appropriate to demonstrate a very new DNA sequencing approach.

人类基因组包含31.647亿个核酸碱基（腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶），据估计，单个细胞中所有DNA链的长度（如果所有链首尾相连）约为2米。人类基因组序列在千禧年开始时完成，这导致了公众和科学界对理解DNA序列“代码”以及如何“复制”的重大兴趣。基因组序列提供了关于我们的祖先、遗传性疾病、我们的特征（如眼睛、皮肤或头发的颜色）和我们的生理“组成”的信息。为了真正理解基因组序列，希望有更简单的DNA测序方法，以便可以对更多的基因组进行测序。目前，这些方法需要昂贵的试剂，费力且耗时长。尽管人类基因组在十年前就被测序了，并且此后开发了更好的DNA测序方法，但一种简单、廉价、快速、准确的DNA测序方法仍然是一个重要的目标。在我们看来，我们需要的是一种小规模的技术，它的工作原理就像硬盘驱动器一样，一个微小的读取头被扫描通过存储的信息（DNA链），信息（序列）被直接读取，而不需要对基因组DNA分子进行任何复杂的处理。我们建议让DNA分子流过纳米孔，纳米孔将充当“读取头”，并通过它们对激光激发的响应来检测和识别DNA序列中的核酸。以这种方式鉴定DNA碱基序列将是高度准确的，并且能够检测来自环境或细胞过程的特定碱基的损伤或修饰，这些过程可以控制基因的开启和关闭。DNA测序技术对于更好地了解所有生物体而不仅仅是人类至关重要，快速，廉价的DNA测序方法将能够回答更多的问题，并提供诊断工具。这些研究将提供适当的概念数据证明，以证明一种非常新的DNA测序方法。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A nanoporous gold membrane for sensing applications.

DOI：
10.1016/j.sbsr.2016.01.001
发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Oo SZ;Silva G;Carpignano F;Noual A;Pechstedt K;Mateos L;Grant-Jacob JA;Brocklesby B;Horak P;Charlton M;Boden SA;Melvin T
通讯作者：
Melvin T

Functional Nanoparticles for Bioanalysis, Nanomedicine, and Bioelectronic Devices: Volume 2

用于生物分析、纳米医学和生物电子设备的功能性纳米颗粒：第 2 卷